{"version":"1.0.0","episode":{"title":"The Torque of the Town","url":"http://getcarcurious.com/episodes/the-torque-of-the-town","audioUrl":"https://pdst.fm/e/traffic.megaphone.fm/BPI2749687924.mp3","description":"This week, Kevin and Willie talk shop with Quantum Tools president Steve Argo about the fundamental mechanics of torque, how bolts actually handle stress, and how fastening technology has changed over the years. They also break down Quantum’s new approach to torque wrench design, one that bridges the gap between old-school reliability and modern tech. The tool pairs a traditional mechanical clicker with a digital gyro, giving technicians and weekend wrench-turners both the speed of a manual wrench and the precise angle tracking of a digital system.  "},"annotations":[{"startTime":85.0,"endTime":107.4,"type":"term","title":"torque wrench","url":"/glossary/torque-wrench","quote":"one of the first things that pops into mind, torque wrenches, you know, torque\nwrenches, especially nowadays, you know, they're key, got to have everything torqued to spec.","canonicalId":"term:torque-wrench","priority":0.65,"confidence":0.95,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A torque wrench is a specialized tool used to tighten a fastener (like a bolt or nut) to a specific torque value. That “torqued to spec” approach helps prevent under-tightening (which can loosen) and over-tightening (which can stretch or damage threads).","simplifiedExplanation":"A torque wrench is a tool that tightens bolts to a specific amount. It helps make sure you don’t tighten them too loose or too tight, which can cause problems later."}},{"startTime":89.4,"endTime":99.9,"type":"term","title":"torqued to spec","url":"/glossary/torqued-to-spec","quote":"they're key, got to have everything torqued to spec.\nAnd some things, you know, you're stunned at how little torque is needed so you don't","canonicalId":"term:torqued-to-spec","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Torqued to spec” means tightening fasteners to the exact torque specification given by the manufacturer. Specs exist because different bolts, materials, and joints require different clamping force to be safe and durable.","simplifiedExplanation":"“Torqued to spec” means you tighten the bolt to the exact number the maker says to use. That number is there to keep the parts clamped correctly and safely."}},{"startTime":95.0,"endTime":107.4,"type":"term","title":"over tighten","url":"/glossary/over-tighten","quote":"And some things, you know, you're stunned at how little torque is needed so you don't\nover tighten things, you know, or any type of specialty tool that you just rely on to","canonicalId":"term:over-tighten","priority":0.35,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Over-tightening means applying more torque than the fastener and joint are designed to handle. It can stretch bolts, damage threads, or distort parts—leading to leaks, loosening later, or premature failure.","simplifiedExplanation":"Over-tightening is when you tighten a bolt more than it should be. That can stretch the bolt or damage the threads, which can cause the joint to fail sooner."}},{"startTime":163.0,"endTime":169.2,"type":"term","title":"fastener","url":"/glossary/fastener","quote":"it's funny because, you know, I grew up through mechanics, but I also went\nthrough engineering and going through engineering, you learn the engineering behind a fastener","canonicalId":"term:fastener","priority":0.3,"confidence":0.8,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A fastener is hardware used to join parts, such as bolts, nuts, and screws. In automotive work, the engineering of fasteners (size, material, thread design) determines how much clamping force you get at a given torque.","simplifiedExplanation":"A fastener is the hardware that holds parts together, like bolts and nuts. The way it’s designed affects how tight it needs to be to hold safely."}},{"startTime":169.2,"endTime":177.62,"type":"concept","title":"OE applications","url":"/glossary/oe-applications","quote":"and in a high volume like OE applications, you learn like tens of thousands or hundreds","canonicalId":"concept:oe-applications","priority":0.25,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“OE applications” refers to original equipment manufacturer (OEM) use—how parts and fasteners are engineered for production vehicles. In high-volume OE contexts, torque specs and fastener behavior are validated at scale to ensure consistent assembly quality.","simplifiedExplanation":"“OE applications” means how the factory designs and builds the car. It’s about the official specs used during mass production so the parts fit and stay tight the same way every time."}},{"startTime":187.3,"endTime":204.3,"type":"concept","title":"consistency and the quality","url":"/glossary/consistency-and-the-quality","quote":"But when you run test after test after test, you realize that, oh shoot, most of those stayed tight, but these didn't, right? ... So anyway, there's the consistency and the quality that comes with the torque wrench.","canonicalId":"concept:consistency-and-the-quality","priority":0.45,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"In torque-sensitive assemblies, consistency means each fastener is tightened to the same target torque every time. Quality here is about repeatability—reducing variation that can lead to leaks, loosening, or uneven clamping across a joint.","simplifiedExplanation":"The idea is that tightening bolts the same way every time is safer. If bolts aren’t tightened consistently, joints can leak or parts can wear out faster."}},{"startTime":212.2,"endTime":217.3,"type":"term","title":"clamp load","url":"/glossary/clamp-load","quote":"But man, it is absolutely crucial with anything of like high strength, clamp load, especially engines, powertrains, suspensions.","canonicalId":"term:clamp-load","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Clamp load is the compressive force that a bolt or fastener applies to the parts it’s holding together. In automotive joints, getting the clamp load right helps maintain sealing and prevents parts from loosening under vibration and heat cycles.","simplifiedExplanation":"Clamp load is how hard a bolt squeezes the parts together. If it’s too low, the joint can leak or loosen; if it’s too high, you can damage the parts."}},{"startTime":242.9,"endTime":247.1,"type":"term","title":"beam style","url":"/glossary/beam-style","quote":"You went from like a beam style, you know? It just has a little bar on it. And when you torque it, it bends over and points at a number, you know?","canonicalId":"term:beam-style","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A beam-style torque wrench uses a bending beam that flexes when you apply torque. As the beam deflects, the pointer indicates the target torque value—this is different from click-type wrenches that signal when you reach the set torque.","simplifiedExplanation":"A beam-style torque wrench works by bending a bar when you tighten a bolt. A pointer shows you how tight you’ve made it, so you can stop at the right setting."}},{"startTime":349.0,"endTime":352.4,"type":"term","title":"quarter inch","url":"/glossary/quarter-inch","quote":"[349.0s] I still got a little one that's actually pretty handy for really light stuff, [352.4s] a quarter inch one. [353.8s] Yeah, that's what I grew up.","canonicalId":"term:quarter-inch","priority":0.25,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Quarter inch” refers to the drive size of the torque wrench (the square socket drive), which determines what sockets and adapters it can use. Smaller drive sizes are typically used for lighter, more precise work.","simplifiedExplanation":"“Quarter inch” is the size of the wrench’s drive square that the socket attaches to. Different drive sizes fit different sockets, and smaller ones are often used for smaller fasteners."}},{"startTime":368.5,"endTime":373.5,"type":"term","title":"full electronic","url":"/glossary/full-electronic","quote":"[368.5s] Yeah, you know, I finally, I upgraded, [370.6s] it's been a couple of years now too, [371.6s] but I upgraded to full electronic. [373.5s] And I was like, man, this is the best.","canonicalId":"term:full-electronic","priority":0.35,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A “full electronic” torque wrench uses electronic sensors and a display to measure torque more precisely than purely mechanical designs. These tools can also support additional features like angle measurement (depending on the model).","simplifiedExplanation":"A “full electronic” torque wrench measures tightening force with electronics and shows it on a screen. Some electronic models can also track the turning angle, which is useful for certain tightening procedures."}},{"startTime":397.5,"endTime":404.8,"type":"term","title":"torque to yield","url":"/glossary/torque-to-yield","quote":"Steve, can you explain the torque to yield? Do you have a good understanding of why that is? Yeah, the torque to yield itself.","canonicalId":"term:torque-to-yield","priority":0.85,"confidence":0.95,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Torque to yield” is a tightening method where you tighten a fastener (usually a bolt) to a torque value that brings the bolt into its plastic “yield” range. Once the bolt yields, it stretches in a controlled way, helping produce a more consistent clamping load in the joint than torque-only tightening.","simplifiedExplanation":"“Torque to yield” is a way to tighten a bolt so it stretches a little in a controlled manner. Instead of just stopping at a certain torque, you tighten it until the bolt reaches a point where it’s permanently stretched, which helps clamp the parts together more consistently."}},{"startTime":411.7,"endTime":432.4,"type":"term","title":"clamping load","url":"/glossary/clamping-load","quote":"when they first decided that torque alone was inadequate for getting a clamping load that you needed in a joint. And they didn't know how to take it to that next level.","canonicalId":"term:clamping-load","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Clamping load is the compressive force a tightened fastener applies to the parts it’s joining. In engine and chassis joints, getting the right clamping load matters because it helps prevent joint separation and controls how much the joint can move under load."}},{"startTime":423.5,"endTime":430.1,"type":"term","title":"friction in a joint","url":"/glossary/friction-in-a-joint","quote":"I lose up to 80 to 90% of torque is lost from, to due to friction in a joint. So to get the actual clamping load I needed…","canonicalId":"term:friction-in-a-joint","priority":0.65,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Friction in a joint is the resistance created by thread contact and the bearing surface under the bolt head/nut. Because friction consumes torque, the same applied torque can produce different bolt stretch and therefore different clamping loads.","simplifiedExplanation":"Friction in the joint is the “drag” from the bolt threads and the underside of the bolt head. That drag uses up some of your tightening force, so the bolt may not clamp the parts as tightly as the torque number suggests."}},{"startTime":472.2,"endTime":475.6,"type":"term","title":"yield level","url":"/glossary/yield-level","quote":"you're actually taking the torque wrench into the yield level [472.2s] of the material, which is an unstable place. [475.6s] And so they needed to control it.","canonicalId":"term:yield-level","priority":0.6,"confidence":0.8,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"The “yield level” is the point where a material transitions from elastic behavior (springs back) to plastic behavior (stays deformed). In torque-to-yield tightening, the bolt is intentionally taken into this region so its stretch sets the clamping load.","simplifiedExplanation":"The yield level is the point where a material stops acting like a spring and starts staying stretched. Torque-to-yield tightening uses that controlled stretch to get a consistent clamp."}},{"startTime":479.8,"endTime":483.8,"type":"term","title":"plastic zone","url":"/glossary/plastic-zone","quote":"which would neck down [479.8s] so they can control that plastic zone where it's stretched. [483.8s] Yeah.","canonicalId":"term:plastic-zone","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.8,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A plastic zone is the portion of a fastener (or joint material) that has entered plastic deformation and will not fully return to its original shape. Controlling where that plastic deformation happens helps make the resulting clamping load more consistent.","simplifiedExplanation":"A plastic zone is the area that gets permanently stretched. If you can control where that happens, you can make the bolt’s clamping force more predictable."}},{"startTime":487.8,"endTime":494.0,"type":"term","title":"head gasket","url":"/glossary/head-gasket","quote":"let's say the joint [490.4s] you're trying to clamp together, head gasket, let's say, right, [494.0s] it doesn't care at all about torque, right?","canonicalId":"term:head-gasket","priority":0.65,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A head gasket is the sealing layer between an engine’s cylinder head and the engine block. It prevents combustion gases, coolant, and oil from mixing, so the joint’s clamping load and bolt behavior directly affect sealing reliability.","simplifiedExplanation":"The head gasket is a seal between the engine block and the cylinder head. It helps keep coolant, oil, and combustion gases from leaking into the wrong places."}},{"startTime":503.6,"endTime":509.6,"type":"term","title":"rusty threads","url":"/glossary/rusty-threads","quote":"and maybe grinding in there as you torque, right? [507.2s] What if you had some rusty threads? [509.6s] You're going to be torquing at a really high level.","canonicalId":"term:rusty-threads","priority":0.45,"confidence":0.75,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Rusty threads increase friction between the bolt and the mating surfaces, which can change how tightening torque translates into bolt stretch. That can lead to inaccurate clamping load—especially problematic when using torque-to-yield methods where stretch is the target.","simplifiedExplanation":"Rust on the bolt threads makes them harder to turn because of extra friction. That can throw off how tight the bolt actually ends up clamping things together."}},{"startTime":532.0,"endTime":538.1,"type":"term","title":"axial clamp","url":"/glossary/axial-clamp","quote":"So torque is a tough way of gauging the actual axial clamp\n[538.1s] because of friction.\n[539.4s] And friction can change by what lubrication you use,","canonicalId":"term:axial-clamp","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.86,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Axial clamp force is the pulling-together force along the bolt’s length that clamps the two parts. It’s what you ultimately care about for joint strength, but torque readings can be misleading because friction changes how much torque turns into actual clamp force.","simplifiedExplanation":"Axial clamp force is how hard the bolt pulls the two parts together. Even if you tighten to a certain torque, friction can make the actual “clamping” be higher or lower than you expect."}},{"startTime":549.0,"endTime":556.2,"type":"term","title":"plastic stretch region","url":"/glossary/plastic-stretch-region","quote":"So torque to yield is trying, like you said,\n[548.6s] get into that plastic stretch region of the fastener.\n[556.2s] But you do it by, let's say, torquing at a low torque","canonicalId":"term:plastic-stretch-region","priority":0.6,"confidence":0.82,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"The plastic stretch region is the part of a bolt’s stress-strain behavior where it deforms permanently. Tightening into this region is what makes torque-to-yield strategies rely on controlled bolt stretch for consistent clamping."}},{"startTime":561.6,"endTime":565.4,"type":"term","title":"foot-pounds","url":"/glossary/foot-pounds","quote":"You're not at 100 foot-pounds, you know, you're at 40 foot-pounds\n[565.4s] where you're just kind of spinning it in there,\n[567.6s] you're getting things engaged.","canonicalId":"term:foot-pounds","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.78,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Foot-pounds (ft-lb) is a unit of torque, commonly used in the U.S. for torque wrenches. It measures how much twisting force you apply, but—per the discussion—it may not directly equal the clamp force because friction affects the result.","simplifiedExplanation":"Foot-pounds is the unit used to measure how much twisting force you apply with a torque wrench. Tightening to a certain ft-lb number doesn’t always guarantee the same clamping force because friction can change the outcome."}},{"startTime":578.1,"endTime":581.8,"type":"term","title":"bolt stretch","url":"/glossary/bolt-stretch","quote":"We always think torque, but it's really the bolt stretch like a spring.\n[581.8s] Exactly, exactly what it is.\n[583.8s] So when you get that, when you turn that to a certain angle,","canonicalId":"term:bolt-stretch","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Bolt stretch is the elongation of the fastener when tightened, and it acts like a spring. In many engineered joints, the desired clamping force is achieved by controlling bolt stretch (often via angle or TTY methods), not by torque alone.","simplifiedExplanation":"Bolt stretch is how much the bolt elongates when you tighten it. Think of it like a spring: the amount it stretches is what helps determine how tightly it clamps the parts together."}},{"startTime":590.7,"endTime":596.0,"type":"term","title":"head bolt","url":"/glossary/head-bolt","quote":"like you said, for the head bolt, the head,\n[593.2s] you get up 10 fasteners on there and you want to get them all consistently","canonicalId":"term:head-bolt","priority":0.75,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A head bolt is the large fastener that clamps the engine’s cylinder head to the engine block. Because it holds the combustion-pressure seal, tightening it correctly is critical to preventing leaks and gasket failure. The discussion here is about tightening multiple bolts in a controlled, consistent way.","simplifiedExplanation":"A head bolt is a big bolt that holds the engine’s top part (the cylinder head) tightly to the bottom part (the engine block). If it’s not tightened correctly, the seal can fail and the engine can start leaking. That’s why mechanics pay close attention to how they tighten it."}},{"startTime":609.1,"endTime":622.9,"type":"term","title":"warranty numbers","url":"/glossary/warranty-numbers","quote":"look at warranty numbers on an OE.\n[612.1s] They track every critical bolt, like every time you torque something,\n[616.6s] it goes into a computer, right?","canonicalId":"term:warranty-numbers","priority":0.3,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Warranty numbers are the failure/claim rates tracked after vehicles are sold, used to quantify how often a design or assembly step leads to problems. In this segment, the speaker uses warranty data to argue that critical bolt tightening is tightly controlled because mistakes show up as warranty issues. It’s a data-driven way to highlight the importance of correct torque procedures.","simplifiedExplanation":"Warranty numbers are basically how many problems show up after customers own the car. If a certain step—like tightening a bolt correctly—goes wrong, it can lead to warranty claims. The speaker is using that data to show why precision matters."}},{"startTime":609.1,"endTime":612.1,"type":"term","title":"OE","quote":"but,\n[609.1s] you know, look at warranty numbers on an OE.\n[612.1s] They track every critical bolt","canonicalId":"term:oe","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.75,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"OE means original equipment, i.e., the parts and specifications from the vehicle’s manufacturer. When the speaker says to “look at warranty numbers on an OE,” they’re referring to how the factory’s design and assembly process performs in the real world. It’s used here to argue that correct torque procedures matter.","simplifiedExplanation":"OE means the manufacturer’s original parts and specs. The idea is that the company tracks how often things fail under warranty when their parts are installed the way they intended. That helps show which steps—like tightening bolts—are truly critical."}},{"startTime":628.1,"endTime":633.8,"type":"company","title":"Quantum Tools","url":"/glossary/quantum-tools","quote":"Well, that's why we have the president of Quantum Tools on to, you know,\n[633.8s] to help us through that.\n[635.9s] And it is one of those things that, I don't know,","canonicalId":"company:quantum-tools","priority":0.35,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Quantum Tools is referenced as the company whose president will be a guest to discuss the tools used for precise torque work. The segment frames tool accuracy as important because tightening procedures depend on variables like friction and bolt stretch. This is a brand/company mention tied to the episode’s technical focus.","simplifiedExplanation":"Quantum Tools is the company being brought up because they make tools used for accurate tightening. The hosts are saying that having the right tool matters when you’re tightening critical engine fasteners. A guest from the company will explain how that precision helps."}},{"startTime":646.7,"endTime":650.8,"type":"term","title":"friction coefficients","url":"/glossary/friction-coefficients","quote":"All those weird torque and friction coefficients and all that stuff.\n[650.8s] So you want something that you can rely on","canonicalId":"term:friction-coefficients","priority":0.65,"confidence":0.8,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Friction coefficient is a number that describes how much resistance exists between two surfaces—in this case, between a bolt and the threads/fastener interface. Because friction affects how much of the applied torque becomes bolt stretch, manufacturers account for it when specifying torque procedures. That’s why torque specs can be sensitive to lubrication and tool accuracy.","simplifiedExplanation":"Friction coefficient is a way of describing how “grippy” the surfaces are where the bolt turns. If friction is higher or lower than expected, the same torque wrench setting can tighten the bolt differently. That can affect whether the gasket is clamped correctly."}},{"startTime":801.9,"endTime":804.0,"type":"term","title":"ratcheting wrench","url":"/glossary/ratcheting-wrench","quote":"We developed a ratcheting wrench.\nIt was the first product line, and then we expanded it","canonicalId":"term:ratcheting-wrench","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A ratcheting wrench is a hand tool that lets you tighten or loosen a fastener while only moving the wrench back and forth in a small arc. Internally, it uses a ratchet mechanism so it “clicks” in one direction and freewheels in the other, which is especially helpful when you can’t swing a full wrench turn.","simplifiedExplanation":"It’s a wrench that tightens or loosens bolts without you having to take it off and reposition it every time. Instead, it clicks as you move it, so it works in tight spaces where a normal wrench would be too awkward."}},{"startTime":833.0,"endTime":835.0,"type":"term","title":"ratchet in the socket","url":"/glossary/ratchet-in-the-socket","quote":"All those tight spaces.\nYou just want a wrench in there and not a ratchet in the socket.","canonicalId":"term:ratchet-in-the-socket","priority":0.45,"confidence":0.78,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"This is a comparison between using a ratcheting wrench versus using a ratchet mechanism inside a socket setup. The point is packaging: in very tight engine-bay or under-car spaces, a socket-and-ratchet can be too tall or too wide, while a wrench can fit better and still provide the needed tightening action.","simplifiedExplanation":"They’re talking about two ways to loosen/tighten bolts: a wrench that has the ratcheting built in, versus a socket with a ratchet tool attached. In tight spots, one setup may fit better than the other."}},{"startTime":908.1,"endTime":918.6,"type":"term","title":"click-to-angle","url":"/glossary/click-to-angle","quote":"Yeah, we hold a click-to-angle hybrid torque wrench.\n[911.7s] So it's a click in the torque mode.\n[915.1s] It's a clicker, and in the angle mode,\n[917.3s] it's an electronic torque wrench.","canonicalId":"term:click-to-angle","priority":0.75,"confidence":0.88,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Click-to-angle” describes a torque wrench that can work in two related tightening modes: a click-based torque mode and an angle-based mode. In angle mode, the tool measures how far the fastener is rotated (often after reaching a snug torque), which is common for certain engine and wheel fasteners. The segment frames it as a hybrid approach that uses both tactile feedback and electronic angle measurement.","simplifiedExplanation":"Some bolts are tightened using both force and rotation. “Click-to-angle” means the tool can do a normal click-based torque setting, and then switch to measuring the turning angle after the bolt is already tightened partway. That helps you hit the exact tightening spec the manufacturer wants."}},{"startTime":973.0,"endTime":977.0,"type":"term","title":"go-no-go gauge","url":"/glossary/go-no-go-gauge","quote":"So to give you a little bit of a side story,\n[973.0s] are you familiar with a go-no-go gauge versus a measuring device?","canonicalId":"term:go-no-go-gauge","priority":0.6,"confidence":0.92,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A go-no-go gauge is a simple measurement tool that only tells you whether a part is within an acceptable range. “Go” means the part fits/clears the gauge; “no-go” means it’s out of spec. The guest is using it as an analogy to explain the difference between binary-style checking and more detailed measuring instruments.","simplifiedExplanation":"A go-no-go gauge is a quick check for whether something is within the right tolerance. If it passes the “go” side, it’s okay; if it hits the “no-go” side, it’s not. It’s basically a pass/fail measurement tool."}},{"startTime":978.5,"endTime":980.7,"type":"term","title":"no-go-go gauge","url":"/glossary/no-go-go-gauge","quote":"So you want to measure a hole with a no-go-go gauge?\nIt's very fast.","canonicalId":"term:no-go-go-gauge","priority":0.75,"confidence":0.78,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A no-go-go gauge is a type of inspection tool used to quickly check whether a part dimension is within tolerance. If the gauge passes the “go” side but fails the “no-go” side, the measurement is acceptable without needing a full numeric measurement.","simplifiedExplanation":"It’s a quick “pass/fail” measuring tool. It tells you if a part is within the allowed size range without you having to calculate an exact number."}},{"startTime":986.4,"endTime":988.7,"type":"term","title":"clicker","url":"/glossary/clicker","quote":"A clicker is a detection device.\nYou set it, and you just get to the torque, and you click, and you're done.","canonicalId":"term:clicker","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.82,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"In this context, a “clicker” refers to a torque wrench style tool that signals when the set torque value is reached. The audible/physical click helps the user stop at the correct torque without constantly watching a gauge.","simplifiedExplanation":"A “clicker” is a torque tool that makes a sound when you hit the set tightening force. That helps you stop at the right setting every time."}},{"startTime":1012.3,"endTime":1018.4,"type":"term","title":"snug torque","url":"/glossary/snug-torque","quote":"So I had to put a seating torque, or what they call a snug torque, of 30-foot-pounds,\nthen I have to put 90 degrees in,","canonicalId":"term:snug-torque","priority":0.85,"confidence":0.88,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Snug torque (used here synonymously with seating torque) is the initial torque level that lightly tightens fasteners to remove slack and ensure proper contact. It’s typically followed by additional angle-based tightening steps to reach the final clamp load.","simplifiedExplanation":"Snug torque is the “first tighten” that removes looseness and makes the parts sit correctly. After that, you do the final tightening using the specified angle steps."}},{"startTime":1012.3,"endTime":1018.4,"type":"term","title":"seating torque","url":"/glossary/seating-torque","quote":"So I had to put a seating torque, or what they call a snug torque, of 30-foot-pounds,\nthen I have to put 90 degrees in, then I have to turn it backwards for 360 degrees,","canonicalId":"term:seating-torque","priority":0.85,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Seating torque is an initial tightening torque used during fastener installation to bring components into firm contact before the final tightening steps. It’s commonly used in multi-step torque procedures to reduce uneven clamping and improve repeatability.","simplifiedExplanation":"Seating torque is the first tightening step that “sets” the parts together firmly. It helps make sure the later tightening steps clamp everything evenly."}},{"startTime":1078.6,"endTime":1084.1,"type":"term","title":"torque spec","url":"/glossary/torque-spec","quote":"On the torque wrench I have, to do the angle, you would have a torque spec and then an angle.\nYou would have to set the torque wrench down on a counter, zero it out or spec it out.","canonicalId":"term:torque-spec","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.86,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A torque spec is the manufacturer’s specified tightening torque for a fastener. It’s usually given in units like N·m or ft-lb, and it’s the target value the torque wrench is set to (or used to measure) before any additional steps like angle tightening.","simplifiedExplanation":"A torque spec is the exact tightening value the car maker wants for a bolt. It’s like the “correct tightness” number you’re supposed to hit with the torque wrench."}},{"startTime":1131.3,"endTime":1138.1,"type":"term","title":"calibrate","url":"/glossary/calibrate","quote":"So first thing is, when you go into the angle mode of most torque wrenches, electronic torque\nwrenches, you have to place it down and let it calibrate itself.","canonicalId":"term:calibrate","priority":0.65,"confidence":0.84,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"To calibrate a torque wrench (especially in angle mode) means setting/confirming its measurement so it reads correctly before use. Some electronic torque wrenches require you to place them down and let them calibrate to ensure the angle measurement starts from a known baseline.","simplifiedExplanation":"Calibrating means the tool checks itself so its readings are accurate. Some torque wrenches need you to set them down and let them “zero in” before you start tightening by angle."}},{"startTime":1147.4,"endTime":1148.8,"type":"term","title":"accumulation effect","url":"/glossary/accumulation-effect","quote":"You don't have to calibrate it.\nAnd then the second thing you were talking about, I believe, was the accumulation effect,","canonicalId":"term:accumulation-effect","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.72,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"The “accumulation effect” here refers to how angle tightening can be interrupted and resumed while still needing to reach the total target rotation. If the wrench resets its angle counter when you back it off, you have to manage the remaining angle so the final clamping result matches the specification.","simplifiedExplanation":"The “accumulation effect” is about keeping track of the total turning you still need. If the tool resets when you back off, you have to continue from where you left off so you still end up at the required total angle."}},{"startTime":1261.8,"endTime":1271.0,"type":"term","title":"angle percentage","quote":"[1261.8s] than other torque wrenches that I was just referencing?\n[1264.8s] Because that's a big problem if you can't stack that angle percentage up if you have\n[1271.0s] interference in where the ratchet needs to move to.","canonicalId":"term:angle-percentage","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.65,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Angle percentage” here refers to using an angle-based method of tightening—often used when torque alone isn’t enough to guarantee the correct clamping force. The idea is that the tool must be able to “stack” the required angle change even when the ratchet’s movement is constrained.","simplifiedExplanation":"This is about tightening bolts by turning them a certain amount of angle, not just hitting a torque number. The tool has to keep track of that turning amount accurately."}},{"startTime":1277.6,"endTime":1285.4,"type":"term","title":"accelerometer","url":"/glossary/accelerometer","quote":"[1277.6s] So what we have inside that, we have a PCB and we have two key components that allow us to do\n[1285.1s]  that.\n[1285.4s] One is an accelerometer and the other is a gyro.","canonicalId":"term:accelerometer","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.95,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"An accelerometer measures acceleration—how quickly motion changes—so the tool can detect movement and orientation changes. Here, it’s used inside the torque wrench system to help make the “angle” part of tightening easier to control.","simplifiedExplanation":"An accelerometer is a sensor that detects how something is moving or changing speed. In this tool, it helps figure out the motion/position so tightening can be more accurate."}},{"startTime":1285.4,"endTime":1289.02,"type":"term","title":"gyro","url":"/glossary/gyro","quote":"[1285.1s]  that.\n[1285.4s] One is an accelerometer and the other is a gyro.","canonicalId":"term:gyro","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A gyro (gyroscope) measures angular motion—how something rotates—so the system can track changes in angle precisely. Combined with the accelerometer, it helps the torque wrench manage the “angle issue” during tightening.","simplifiedExplanation":"A gyro is a sensor that detects rotation and angle changes. It helps the tool know exactly how much it’s turning so the tightening stays on target."}},{"startTime":1373.1,"endTime":1378.6,"type":"term","title":"torquing","url":"/glossary/torquing","quote":"But the angle percentage, let's say you're torquing the, you know, hypothetically 50 pounds plus, you know, five degrees of angle or whatever it may be, right?","canonicalId":"term:torquing","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"In this context, “torquing” means tightening a bolt to a specified torque (tightening force), not just turning it until it feels snug. The speaker is discussing an angle-based method as an alternative when you don’t have a torque wrench.","simplifiedExplanation":"Here, “torquing” means tightening a bolt with a specific amount of force. The goal is to get the bolt tight enough in a controlled way."}},{"startTime":1391.7,"endTime":1458.7,"type":"concept","title":"clock face","url":"/glossary/clock-face","quote":"So I think of like a clock face, you know, is like a circle 360 degrees in a circle. Think of that like a clock face... Use it like a clock face and then you just mark it to where you think you need to go.","canonicalId":"concept:clock-face","priority":0.75,"confidence":0.8,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"The speaker describes using a “clock face” mental model to estimate bolt rotation angle (e.g., marking where “noon” starts and where the target degrees land). This is a rough substitute for measuring angle precisely when you don’t have the right tools.","simplifiedExplanation":"They’re saying to imagine the bolt as a clock: start at “noon,” then turn it until you reach the target number of degrees. It’s a way to guess the turn amount if you can’t measure it precisely."}},{"startTime":1419.2,"endTime":1425.2,"type":"concept","title":"move 70 degrees","url":"/glossary/move-70-degrees","quote":"If it says move 70 degrees, then I know where that 90 is that is at the three. To me, the 70 is, you know, right after the two on the clock.","canonicalId":"concept:move-70-degrees","priority":0.8,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"This is an angle-gauging tightening method: after an initial torque, you rotate the bolt a specified additional angle (like 70 degrees). It’s commonly used for fasteners where angle after a snug torque helps achieve consistent clamping force.","simplifiedExplanation":"This is a method where you tighten a bolt to a starting point, then turn it further by a measured angle. Instead of relying only on a torque wrench, you use the “degrees of turn” to get the bolt tight correctly."}},{"startTime":1463.2,"endTime":1465.76,"type":"term","title":"Guten angle","quote":"It's similar to Guten type, but it's like Guten angle.","canonicalId":"term:guten-angle","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.45,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Guten angle” appears to be a mishearing or nickname for an angle-based tightening approach. In practice, the idea being discussed is angle-after-torque tightening (often called torque-to-yield or angle tightening in manuals), where you tighten to a baseline and then add a specific rotation.","simplifiedExplanation":"“Guten angle” sounds like they’re referring to a method that tightens bolts by turning them a specific amount of degrees. It’s basically the same angle-based tightening idea they were describing with the clock."}},{"startTime":1485.8,"endTime":1496.0,"type":"term","title":"torque mode","url":"/glossary/torque-mode","quote":"So what we did was we included a micro scale for the torque and this way, if the batteries are dead, you always have a functional torque wrench in torque mode and then the angle,","canonicalId":"term:torque-mode","priority":0.6,"confidence":0.78,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Torque mode” is the operating setting where the wrench tightens until it reaches a target torque value. This is different from angle-based tightening, where the wrench measures rotation after an initial torque step.","simplifiedExplanation":"“Torque mode” means the tool tightens a bolt until it hits a specific tightness number. That’s different from tightening by angle, where you tighten a certain amount of rotation."}},{"startTime":1527.1,"endTime":1536.0,"type":"term","title":"elastic","url":"/glossary/elastic","quote":"So right, you've got elastic. There we go. So in the stretch of a metal, you have elastic.","canonicalId":"term:elastic","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Elastic deformation is temporary stretching or bending: when the load is removed, the material returns to its original shape. In fastener tightening, the elastic range is where the bolt behaves like a spring and can still “bounce back.”"}},{"startTime":1532.6,"endTime":1546.3,"type":"term","title":"plastically deformed","url":"/glossary/plastically-deformed","quote":"When you pull it too far, you have plastically deformed that spring and it doesn't go back all the way. And so that's what you're doing with the fastener.","canonicalId":"term:plastically-deformed","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Plastically deformed means the material has been stretched beyond its elastic limit, so it does not fully return to its original shape. For bolts, this is the “yield” behavior that torque-to-yield methods aim to control for consistent clamping.","simplifiedExplanation":"Plastically deformed means the metal has been stretched past the point where it can spring back. It stays changed, which is why torque-to-yield tightening is about controlled stretching."}},{"startTime":1648.0,"endTime":1651.2,"type":"term","title":"torque setting","url":"/glossary/torque-setting","quote":"You're twisted up to get to the torque setting that you want. And then when you're done, relieve the spring, is that required?","canonicalId":"term:torque-setting","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.78,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A torque setting is the target tightening force (torque) a tool will apply when you fasten a bolt or nut. It’s important because too little torque can loosen the fastener, while too much can stretch threads or damage parts. In this segment, they’re talking about how to set and then back off the tool after use.","simplifiedExplanation":"A torque setting is the amount of “tightening force” your tool is set to apply to a bolt. If it’s set wrong, the bolt can either come loose or get damaged. Here, they’re discussing setting the tool to the torque you want, then releasing it afterward."}},{"startTime":1651.2,"endTime":1656.3,"type":"term","title":"spring","url":"/glossary/spring","quote":"And then when you're done, relieve the spring, is that required? Yeah, that's still required.","canonicalId":"term:spring","priority":0.6,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"In a click-type torque tool, the spring stores energy and helps determine the torque output when the tool “clicks.” Relieving the spring tension after use helps prevent drift and reduces the chance of permanent set. The hosts specifically recommend backing off the spring after setting the torque.","simplifiedExplanation":"The spring inside the torque tool is what helps it apply a consistent tightening force. If you leave it compressed or loaded, it can change over time. They’re saying to release that spring tension when you’re done."}},{"startTime":1668.8,"endTime":1672.1,"type":"term","title":"permanent set","url":"/glossary/permanent-set","quote":"because you don't want to get any permanent set if you can help, because then it's got to be recalibrated.","canonicalId":"term:permanent-set","priority":0.75,"confidence":0.82,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Permanent set is when a tool’s spring (or other elastic component) takes on a lasting deformation after being compressed or tensioned for too long. For torque tools, that can shift the tool’s internal calibration so it no longer applies the torque you think it’s applying. The segment suggests relieving spring tension to prevent this.","simplifiedExplanation":"Permanent set means the tool’s spring gets “stuck” in a slightly changed shape after being loaded for too long. If that happens, the tool may tighten bolts with the wrong force. That’s why they recommend backing off the spring when you’re done."}},{"startTime":1690.5,"endTime":1696.2,"type":"term","title":"ISO","quote":"things get recalibrated, you get certified, right? You're ISO this and that.","canonicalId":"term:iso","priority":0.35,"confidence":0.62,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"ISO refers to international standards for quality and competence in calibration and certification processes. When torque tools are “certified” to ISO-related requirements, it typically means their calibration is documented and traceable to defined measurement standards. The hosts mention this as something professional shops handle routinely.","simplifiedExplanation":"ISO is a set of official standards used to make sure calibration and testing are done in a consistent, documented way. If a tool is ISO-certified, it usually means someone checked it against standards and wrote down the results. The point is that pro shops keep tools accurate and accountable."}},{"startTime":1736.0,"endTime":1743.5,"type":"term","title":"5,000 cycles","url":"/glossary/5-000-cycles","quote":"that's sort of how they make a manufacturer qualify the unit\nthat is good for the 5,000 cycles before it has to be recalibrated.","canonicalId":"term:5-000-cycles","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A “cycle” here means one use event where the torque wrench is loaded to apply torque, repeated many times during testing or real-world use. Manufacturers use cycle counts to qualify how long a torque wrench stays within its accuracy spec before it needs recalibration. The hosts use this to explain why DIY vs heavy-use schedules can differ.","simplifiedExplanation":"A “cycle” is basically one tightening job where the wrench is loaded. Manufacturers test how many of those tightenings a torque wrench can handle before it starts getting inaccurate. The idea is: more heavy use means you may need recalibration sooner."}},{"startTime":1793.5,"endTime":1799.0,"type":"term","title":"plus or minus three or four percent","url":"/glossary/plus-or-minus-three-or-four-percent","quote":"they're all designed to be like plus or minus three or four percent\nout of the factory.","canonicalId":"term:plus-or-minus-three-or-four-percent","priority":0.5,"confidence":0.88,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"“Plus or minus three or four percent” is an accuracy tolerance—how far the torque wrench’s indicated value can deviate from the true applied torque. For example, if you set 200 ft-lb, a 3–4% tolerance could mean the actual torque is a few foot-pounds higher or lower. The segment uses this to argue that the error is usually small, but it depends on how heavily the wrench is used.","simplifiedExplanation":"That phrase means the torque wrench isn’t perfectly exact—it can be a little high or a little low. The amount is usually only a few percent. So even if you set a number, the real tightening might be slightly different, but typically not by a huge amount."}},{"startTime":1856.1,"endTime":1859.8,"type":"term","title":"breaker bolt","quote":"So as a person who wants a breaker bolt, instead of getting a breaker bar,\n[1859.8s] they're going to grab this torque wrench because it's nice and long and they can do it.\n[1863.2s] It's not recommended.","canonicalId":"term:breaker-bolt","priority":0.52,"confidence":0.55,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A “breaker bolt” is a colloquial way of referring to a bolt that’s stuck and needs extra force to loosen. The point being made is that people sometimes use a torque wrench for this job, but torque wrenches aren’t intended to be used as high-leverage loosening tools.","simplifiedExplanation":"A “breaker bolt” here means a bolt that’s stuck and won’t loosen easily. The hosts are saying people sometimes grab a torque wrench to force it loose, but that’s not what torque wrenches are for."}},{"startTime":1856.1,"endTime":1859.8,"type":"term","title":"breaker bar","url":"/glossary/breaker-bar","quote":"So as a person who wants a breaker bolt, instead of getting a breaker bar,\n[1859.8s] they're going to grab this torque wrench because it's nice and long and they can do it.\n[1863.2s] It's not recommended.","canonicalId":"term:breaker-bar","priority":0.5,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A breaker bar is a long, rigid tool used to apply high leverage to loosen stubborn fasteners. It’s preferred over a torque wrench because it’s built for forceful loosening rather than precise torque measurement.","simplifiedExplanation":"A breaker bar is a heavy-duty bar you use to loosen stuck bolts. It gives you leverage for breaking them free, unlike a torque wrench which is meant for measuring exact tightness."}},{"startTime":1919.5,"endTime":1926.1,"type":"term","title":"micro click","url":"/glossary/micro-click","quote":"When it hits that wall, that's the click that you hear. That's the micro click. That's what you hear that lets you know you're at the torque.","canonicalId":"term:micro-click","priority":0.35,"confidence":0.75,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A micro click is a small, audible/feelable signal produced by the wrench’s internal mechanism when the target torque is reached. It’s described here as the “click” that lets the user know they’ve hit the set torque before the mechanism becomes effectively a solid joint."}},{"startTime":1959.04,"endTime":1969.3,"type":"term","title":"strain gauge","url":"/glossary/strain-gauge","quote":"With the C2A, because it becomes a solid joint, I can never break the strain gauge.\nI don't have a strain gauge.","canonicalId":"term:strain-gauge","priority":0.7,"confidence":0.95,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A strain gauge is a sensor that measures tiny deformations (strain) in a component. In torque tools, the strain gauge is used to infer torque by detecting how much the tool’s structure flexes under load.","simplifiedExplanation":"A strain gauge is a sensor that detects how much something bends or flexes. In a torque wrench, it helps the wrench figure out how much twisting force (torque) you’re applying."}},{"startTime":1965.1,"endTime":1977.4,"type":"term","title":"angle mode","url":"/glossary/angle-mode","quote":"So in the angle mode, I can never overload my wrench.\nSo I don't know if that helped explain it, but that's...","canonicalId":"term:angle-mode","priority":0.55,"confidence":0.85,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Angle mode is a torque-wrench operating method where the tool measures rotation angle (how far you turn) rather than directly measuring torque. The transcript notes that this can prevent overloading certain sensors, but it also means you may not know the exact torque during the turn.","simplifiedExplanation":"Angle mode means the wrench is counting how many degrees you turn, instead of directly measuring the twisting force. It can be useful, but it doesn’t tell you exactly how much torque you’re producing at every instant."}},{"startTime":1977.4,"endTime":1984.0,"type":"term","title":"load cell","url":"/glossary/load-cell","quote":"you're not smashing your load cell in an electronic\none. Right, exactly.","canonicalId":"term:load-cell","priority":0.65,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"A load cell is a sensor that converts force into an electrical signal. The transcript contrasts not smashing a load cell in an electronic torque wrench versus using a mechanical design that’s more robust when you “overangle.”","simplifiedExplanation":"A load cell is a sensor that measures how much force is being applied. In torque tools, it’s part of how the wrench senses the twisting force."}},{"startTime":2057.4,"endTime":2066.8,"type":"term","title":"tensor","quote":"So an electronic torque wrench, it just has a tensor,\nstrain gauges, and a wire going back to the to the board.","canonicalId":"term:tensor","priority":0.45,"confidence":0.6,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"In this context, “tensor” refers to the mechanical/structural element that deforms under load and works with strain gauges to produce an electrical reading. The hosts describe an electronic torque wrench as having a tensor, strain gauges, and wiring to the control board.","simplifiedExplanation":"Here, “tensor” is the part inside the wrench that flexes when you apply force. That flex is what the strain gauges use to figure out the torque reading."}},{"startTime":2218.6,"endTime":2230.6,"type":"term","title":"metallurgy","url":"/glossary/metallurgy","quote":"I mean,\n[2218.6s] there's some science in bolts, which you would never think, right? It looks like a round stick,\n[2225.6s] you know, with some curlies on the end, but man, the engineering that goes in it, the metallurgy\n[2230.6s] and all that stuff, it's wild.","canonicalId":"term:metallurgy","priority":0.6,"confidence":0.9,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"Metallurgy is the science of how metals are made and how their internal structure affects strength, wear resistance, and durability. In tools like torque wrenches, metallurgy matters because the metal must stay accurate under load and resist deformation over time.","simplifiedExplanation":"Metallurgy is basically how metal is engineered so it’s strong and lasts. For a torque wrench, the metal has to hold up without bending so the measurements stay correct."}},{"startTime":2218.6,"endTime":2225.6,"type":"concept","title":"science in bolts","url":"/glossary/science-in-bolts","quote":"Well guys, I hope you learned a few things. I mean,\n[2218.6s] there's some science in bolts, which you would never think, right? It looks like a round stick,\n[2225.6s] you know, with some curlies on the end, but man, the engineering that goes in it, the metallurgy","canonicalId":"concept:science-in-bolts","priority":0.45,"confidence":0.7,"source":"hybrid-fuzzy+gpt-5.4-nano","data":{"explanation":"The phrase “science in bolts” points to the idea that fasteners aren’t just generic hardware—bolt material, thread design, and manufacturing quality affect how they stretch and clamp parts. That’s why using the correct torque and quality fasteners matters for safety and repeatable assembly."}}],"speakers":[{"id":"s1","name":"Brenton Productions","role":"host"}],"transcripts":[{"url":"http://getcarcurious.com/episodes/the-torque-of-the-town/transcript.vtt","type":"text/vtt"}]}