All About Crash Testing... and SLATE! #61
The Driveway
All About Crash Testing... and SLATE! #61 The Driveway · Jul 8, 2026
All About Crash Testing... and SLATE! #61

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All About Crash Testing... and SLATE! #61
Term

blank slate

They’re talking about the cheapest, most basic version—before you add extras. It’s a way to say, “This is what you get at the entry price.”

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crank windows

Crank windows are the older-style windows you roll up and down by hand. They’re usually found on the most basic, budget versions of a car.

Term

touch screen

A touch screen is the main display you tap to control things like music and navigation. If the car doesn’t have one, you usually use buttons instead.

Nissan Leaf
Car

Nissan Leaf

The Nissan Leaf is an all-electric car, meaning it runs on a battery instead of gasoline. It’s built for everyday driving, especially in town. People mention it when talking about how electric cars feel when you press the accelerator.

Term

fastback

“Fastback” means the roof slopes down toward the back in one smooth line. It often looks sportier, but it can make the back seats feel a bit tighter.

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roll cage

A roll cage is a strong metal frame inside the car. It helps protect you if the car flips or crashes hard, and it can also make the car feel more solid.

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airbags

Airbags are safety cushions that pop out during a crash. They help protect your head and chest, working with your seatbelt.

Jeep Wrangler
Car

Jeep Wrangler

The Jeep Wrangler is a popular off-road SUV. Here, they’re using it like a measuring stick for how much interior space the other car has compared to a Wrangler.

Term

out the door

“Out the door” (OTD) is the total price you pay at purchase, including the base vehicle price plus taxes, registration, and dealer fees. The host contrasts it with “out the window,” implying they mean the final, all-in number rather than just the sticker price.

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squareback

“Squareback” is a way to describe a car’s shape—more upright and boxy than a sloped-roof design. Here it’s describing the look of the vehicle they configured.

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dash

The dash is the front panel inside the car where the gauges and controls are. They’re saying it’s modular, so you can change parts of it.

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powertrain

Powertrain is the car’s “go” system—everything that takes stored energy and turns it into driving. In an electric car, it’s mostly the battery and the electric motor working together.

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range

Range is how far an electric car can go before the battery runs out. The number depends on things like battery size, how efficiently the car drives, and weather.

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battery pack

A battery pack is the big battery inside an electric car that stores electricity. A bigger battery usually means you can drive farther before needing to recharge.

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LFP chemistry

LFP chemistry is the specific “recipe” used in the EV battery cells. It’s generally considered safer and long-lasting, even if it may not pack as much energy per pound as some other battery types.

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200 barrier

The “200 barrier” is the idea that people want an EV that can go about 200 miles on a charge. It’s a psychological and practical cutoff—though your actual miles will depend on conditions.

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bigger battery

A bigger battery usually means more total energy stored in the car. That typically translates into more driving range per charge.

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AX port

An “AX port” is the charging plug-in opening on the car. The important part is whether it matches the chargers you’ll find in the real world.

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NACS

NACS is the charging plug type Tesla uses. If your car supports NACS, it can use many chargers that use that same plug style.

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20 to 80 percent

That “20 to 80 percent” range is a typical EV charging habit. Charging is usually faster there, and it slows down as the battery gets closer to full.

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level two charger

A Level 2 charger is the faster EV charger you can install at home. It uses higher-voltage power than a normal outlet, so it charges the battery quicker.

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battery bag

The “battery bag” is the protected housing where the EV’s battery pack sits. If a crash damages a big portion of it, the car may be harder and more expensive to fix.

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extension cord

An extension cord is just a longer power cable. People sometimes use one to charge a car temporarily, but it needs to be the right type and rating to be safe.

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heat pump

A heat pump is a heating system that works more efficiently than a simple electric heater. In cold weather, it helps an EV use less energy to stay warm, so you usually get more range.

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rear wheel drive

Rear-wheel drive means the power goes to the back wheels. That can affect how the car grips and handles, especially when roads are wet or slippery.

Concept

iterative improvements over time

“Iterative improvements over time” means the company makes small upgrades instead of replacing the whole car design. Over the years, those tweaks can still add up to better range or features.

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800 parts

“800 parts” means the car is made from about 800 individual components. In general, fewer parts can make the car cheaper to build and easier to repair.

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sunroof

A sunroof is a panel in the roof that can open to let in light and air. Because it has seals and moving parts, it can be another thing that might need attention as the car ages.

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10 year 110,000 mile warranty

A warranty like this tells you how long and how many miles the company will cover repairs. “10 years” is the time limit, and “110,000 miles” is the mileage limit. It matters what parts are covered, not just the length.

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last mile option

“Last mile” means the short part of a trip—like driving to the store or running errands close to home. Here, they’re saying the vehicle is mainly for local use, not big road trips.

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towing

Towing is how much weight a vehicle can pull behind it, like a trailer. They’re saying the towing limit went up from about 1,000 pounds to about 2,000 pounds.

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front wheel drive

Front-wheel drive means the front wheels do the work of moving the car. They’re mentioning it because it’s the base setup for the Maverick they’re talking about.

Ford Maverick
Car

Ford Maverick

The Ford Maverick is a small pickup truck meant to be easy to live with day to day. They’re talking about how much weight it can tow—improving to about 2,000 pounds—even on the front-wheel-drive base version.

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payload capacity

Payload capacity is the maximum weight the truck can carry. It includes things like passengers and cargo, and it’s important so you don’t overload the vehicle.

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open air kit

An open air kit is an add-on that makes the vehicle feel more open to the outdoors by removing or changing parts of the cabin. It’s often chosen for a fun, beachy vibe, but it can change comfort and noise.

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two doors

“Two doors” means the vehicle has fewer doors for getting in and out. Here, they’re saying the two-door version usually costs more because it’s marketed as more stylish.

Mazda Cx5
Car

Mazda Cx5

The Mazda CX-5 is a very common SUV. In this episode, they’re talking about how Mazda’s newer CX-5 was tested for crash safety and how that testing affects safety ratings.

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crash test

A crash test is a standardized impact test used to measure how well a vehicle protects occupants in a collision. In this segment, the host connects crash testing to IIHS scoring and safety awards.

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Insurance Institute for Highway Safety

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) is a group that tests cars to see how well they protect people in crashes. If a car does well, it gets a safety rating that shoppers can look for.

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top safety pick plus designation

“Top Safety Pick Plus” is a high safety award from the IIHS. It means the car did very well in their crash and safety testing, not just one part of it.

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concrete barrier

A concrete barrier is a hard, fixed wall used in crash tests. It’s used because it gives consistent results, so you can compare how different cars protect occupants.

Concept

runways

In crash testing, “runways” are the guided paths the test vehicle is positioned on before impact. They help ensure consistent approach speed, alignment, and repeatability across different test setups.

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small overlap front

This is a crash test where only a small part of the front of the car hits a barrier. It’s harder for the car to protect you because less of the front structure is involved.

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front side impact

This is a crash test where the front of the car hits in a way that also stresses the side of the car. It checks whether the car’s side protection (like beams and airbags) does its job.

Concept

empty the fluids

They “empty the fluids” to make the test safer and cleaner. Draining things like fuel and other liquids reduces fire risk and mess if the car gets damaged.

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fuel in the vehicle

Whether there’s fuel in the car matters because crashes can cause leaks and fires. For safety, crash labs often remove fuel or limit it before the impact.

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impact like, how is it going to impact the passengers

Crash tests aren’t just about whether the car looks damaged. They’re about how the crash forces affect the people inside and whether the safety space around them stays intact.

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crumple in the cabin

When a car crashes, parts of the body are designed to fold or crumple in a controlled way. That helps absorb the crash energy so the space where people sit stays safer.

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roof getting squashed

In some crashes, the roof can get pushed down. Roof crush resistance is how well the roof holds up to help protect the people inside.

Concept

risk associated with impacts with crashes

Crash testing is used to estimate how dangerous a crash is for the people inside. Instead of only looking at visible damage, tests focus on how the car protects occupants.

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40 miles an hour

Crash tests are done at set speeds so different cars can be compared fairly. “40 miles an hour” is one of those test speeds used to see how well the car protects people.

Concept

highway cruising speed

They’re talking about whether crash tests match the speeds you usually drive on highways versus city streets. The idea is that different road types lead to different kinds of crashes.

Concept

braking before impact

In real crashes, people usually brake before they hit something. That can reduce how hard the impact is compared with a test where the car hits at full speed.

Concept

t-bone kind of thing

A “T-bone” crash is when one car hits another from the side. It can be dangerous because the side of the car has to protect the occupants from intrusion.

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rotaries

“Rotaries” means roundabouts. Cars go around in a circle instead of crossing paths directly, which can lower the chance of side-impact crashes.

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IIHS

IIHS is a group that tests cars in crash situations and gives safety scores. They measure how well a car protects people, and their tests don’t always match other organizations.

Concept

different test types

The key idea is that different safety organizations may test cars in different ways. So the scores you see might not mean the exact same thing from one agency to another.

Volkswagen Tiguan
Car

Volkswagen Tiguan

The Volkswagen Tiguan is another SUV that gets crash-tested. The host brings it up to show how safety comparisons can change depending on which specific crash test is used.

Kia Sportage
Car

Kia Sportage

The Kia Sportage is an SUV model that gets tested for crash safety. Here it’s mentioned as an example of how one year/model can look different depending on which crash tests are being used.

Concept

sunset that program

“Sunset that program” means they stop using it. Here, it’s about ending an older safety test once new rules make it outdated.

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NHTSA

NHTSA is a U.S. government agency that deals with vehicle safety. The hosts say it’s slower to change because it’s government-run and heavily regulated.

Company

Geico

Geico is an auto insurance company. The hosts mention it because insurance companies help fund the IIHS, and that funding is displayed publicly.

Company

Farm

“Farm” is short for State Farm, an auto insurance company. They’re mentioned because insurance companies help fund the IIHS and that support is shown on a wall of plaques.

Company

Progressive

Progressive is an auto insurance company. The hosts bring it up because insurers fund the IIHS, and their names show up on the IIHS funding display.

Company

Amica

Amica is an auto insurance company. The hosts mention it as one of the insurers on the IIHS funding wall, where plaque size is tied to funding level.

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poor, marginal, acceptable, good

IIHS uses simple categories to describe how well a car did in a crash test. “Good” is the best result, and “poor” is the worst.

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vehicle-to-vehicle front crash prevention 2.0

This is an IIHS test of how well a car’s safety system can help prevent a front crash with another vehicle. The “2.0” version is the updated test standard, and the host says it’s not required for the non-plus Top Safety Pick.

Term

moderate overlap front

“Moderate overlap front” is an IIHS crash-test scenario where only part of the vehicle’s front end hits a barrier at a set speed. Because the impact covers a portion of the width, it stresses the front structure and restraints in a way that differs from full-width frontal tests.

Concept

retest of vehicle

A “retest of vehicle” refers to repeating crash testing when a car changes enough to potentially affect safety performance. The hosts say retesting is generally needed after major generational structural updates, not for every minor change.

Concept

big generational structural change

“Big generational structural change” describes major updates to a vehicle’s underlying body structure between model generations. The hosts connect this to why crash tests may need to be repeated: structural changes can alter how forces travel through the car during a crash.

Toyota GR86
Car

Toyota GR86

The Toyota GR86 is a sports coupe closely related to the Subaru BRZ, and the hosts mention it to explain how crash-test reporting can map results across the pair. In this segment, they’re discussing how the same platform can lead to results being associated with different model names.

Subaru BRZ
Car

Subaru BRZ

The Subaru BRZ is a sports coupe that the hosts mention as an example of how IIHS testing can be confusing across similar cars. They’re pointing out that the BRZ’s test results may reference a different but closely related model.

Concept

automaker does that

This refers to the process where an automaker submits a vehicle for IIHS testing. The hosts explain that even when a car is submitted, IIHS may not receive the vehicle itself; instead, IIHS may purchase a comparable car or handle it via a payment mechanism.

Chevrolet Bel Air
Car

Chevrolet Bel Air

A 1959 Chevrolet Bel Air is an old classic car from the late 1950s. The point of mentioning it is to show how much safer cars are today compared to cars from that era.

Concept

crash safety in vehicles has evolved

They’re talking about how cars have gotten safer in crashes over the years. Modern cars are built to protect passengers better than older cars were.

Chevrolet Malibu
Car

Chevrolet Malibu

A 2009 Chevrolet Malibu is a regular, everyday family car. In this crash-test story, the front gets badly damaged, but the part where the driver sits (the cabin) stays more intact than you might expect.

Term

jaws of life

The “jaws of life” are heavy-duty tools firefighters use to rescue people from car crashes. They can cut and pull apart the crushed metal so rescuers can get to someone trapped inside.

Term

crumple zones

Crumple zones are parts of a car that are built to fold and crush in a crash. That controlled damage helps protect the people inside by slowing down the impact forces.

Chevrolet Blazer
Car

Chevrolet Blazer

The Chevrolet Blazer is an SUV model that’s existed for many years. In this discussion, it’s used to show how newer SUVs are built to protect people better in crashes than older ones.

Term

totaled

“Totaled” means the car is considered a write-off after the crash. The damage is so expensive to fix that insurance decides it’s not worth repairing.

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driver assistance safety system

Driver assistance safety systems are features that help you drive more safely, like warning you or helping with speed and spacing. In this discussion, they’re talking about whether some of these features count as “safety” versus just convenience.

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adaptive cruise control

Adaptive cruise control is like regular cruise control, but it can slow down or speed up to keep a safe gap from the car in front. The host is debating whether that’s mainly safety or mostly convenience.

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backup cameras

Backup cameras show what’s behind the car when you’re reversing. They often include helpful lines on the screen so you can judge where the car will go as you turn the steering wheel.

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automatic emergency braking

Automatic emergency braking is a safety feature that watches for danger ahead. If it thinks you might hit something and you don’t brake soon enough, it can brake for you to help prevent or lessen the crash.

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rear cross traffic alert

Rear cross traffic alert is a warning system for backing out of a parking spot. If a car is coming from the side where you can’t easily see it, the car alerts you so you can stop or wait.

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blind spot information systems

Blind spot information systems (often called BLIS) monitor areas alongside the vehicle that are hard to see in mirrors. When a vehicle is detected in your blind spot, the system alerts you—commonly with a light or indicator—so you’re less likely to change lanes into another car.

Chevrolet Silverado
Car

Chevrolet Silverado

The Silverado EV is an electric version of Chevrolet’s big pickup truck. In this story, the host says the truck’s safety braking system triggered while they were backing up, which surprised them.

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three point turn

A three-point turn is a low-speed maneuver used to reverse direction in a tight space by turning the vehicle, reversing, and turning again to complete the U-turn. The host mentions it because the backing/turning situation is when the braking system unexpectedly activates.

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giant battery

In an electric truck, the battery is what stores the energy for driving. The host is saying the battery stayed pretty efficient even in freezing weather, losing only a tiny amount overnight.

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public charging

Public charging means charging your EV at stations you don’t own—like at shopping centers or along highways. The host is saying they’re not looking forward to how long it might take.

Chevrolet Silverado EV
Car

Chevrolet Silverado EV

The Chevrolet Silverado EV is a pickup truck that runs on electricity instead of gasoline. Because it’s an EV truck, it can be heavier than a typical gas truck, which affects how it feels and how you plan charging. The podcast mentions it because people often learn new things about EV truck ownership after seeing the real details.

GMC Sierra EV
Car

GMC Sierra EV

The GMC Sierra EV is an electric version of the Sierra pickup. They’re talking about how the truck’s shape and rear-side design can make it harder or easier to use the bed for loading stuff.

Subaru out back
Car

Subaru out back

The Subaru Outback is a popular wagon-style crossover that’s meant for everyday driving and outdoor trips. They’re debating whether the “Wilderness” version looks better or worse than the standard one.

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Wilderness

“Wilderness” is a Subaru trim/appearance package for the Outback that’s designed to look more rugged and outdoors-oriented. In this segment, they’re comparing how the Wilderness styling looks versus the regular Outback.

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Star-Tex

Star-Tex is a man-made fabric that Subaru uses for seats. They’re saying it’s supposed to last longer and wear better than real leather.

2021 Forester
Car

2021 Forester

The 2021 Subaru Forester is a specific year of the Forester SUV. The host is describing how they used it on a long trip and how soon it’ll need an oil change.

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oil change

An oil change is when you replace the engine oil. It helps keep the engine lubricated, and the host is saying they’re close to needing that service.

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