Automotive Tips to Reduce Repair Expenses from the Authority in Auto Repair Advice
Under The Hood show
Under The Hood show May 4, 2026
Automotive Tips to Reduce Repair Expenses from the Authority in Auto Repair Advice

Automotive Tips to Reduce Repair Expenses from the Authority in Auto Repair Advice

Annotations will appear as you listen

0:00
47:54
Automotive Tips to Reduce Repair Expenses from the Authority in Auto Repair Advice
Company

Berkeley One Classics

They’re a sponsor that offers car insurance for classic/collector cars. The show is basically saying “this is who to check out” for that insurance.

Term

replica OEM wheels

These are replacement wheels made to look like the wheels your car originally came with from the factory. They’re not the exact factory part, but they’re meant to fit and look similar.

Brand

Road Ready Wheels

Road Ready Wheels sells wheel replacements that look like the factory wheels your car came with. They’re usually cheaper than buying the exact original parts.

Company

car dash part

They’re advertising a place to buy used car parts. The point is that they have lots of parts in stock and can ship them quickly.

Term

recalls

A recall is a fix the car company offers because they found a problem with certain cars. If your car is included, you can usually get the repair done for free.

Term

VIN number

Your VIN is like your car’s fingerprint. By entering it, you can find out if your specific car has any recalls or fixes that apply to it.

Company

safercar.gov

Safercar.gov is a government website where you can check if your car has safety recalls. You enter your car’s VIN to see what applies to your exact vehicle.

Term

airbag recall

An airbag recall means there’s a safety issue with how the airbags work. If your car is affected, you’ll want to get it fixed so the airbags can do their job in a crash.

Term

transmission recall

A transmission recall means there’s a problem with the car’s shifting/gear system. If it can’t shift properly, the car may not drive correctly and could strand you.

Brand

GMC

GMC is the car brand here. The point is that the customer should go to a GMC dealer/service shop to get the recall fixed for free.

Term

no crank

“No crank” means the engine doesn’t even start turning over when you try to start the car. That usually points to the battery or the electrical parts that tell the starter to work.

Term

cranks, runs and stalls

This means the engine turns over, starts, and then immediately dies. Often it’s because the car isn’t getting fuel reliably after the initial start.

Term

starter fluid

Starter fluid is a spray you can use to help an engine catch fire and start. If the car only runs with it, that’s a clue the normal fuel system isn’t working right.

Term

pump drive module

This module is like the controller for the fuel pump. If it’s bad, the pump may not get the right power or control signals, so the car can start briefly and then die.

Term

dormant unit

They’re talking about swapping in a replacement module that wasn’t active before. After installing a module, it may need to be set up so the car can use it correctly.

Company

dealership

A dealership is the official service shop for that car brand. They have special diagnostic tools and procedures that can help pinpoint which electronic parts are really causing the problem.

Term

fuel pump

The fuel pump is what sends gas from the gas tank to the engine. If it’s not working right, the engine might start and then shut off, or it may not start at all.

Term

scanner

A scanner is a tool that plugs into the car to read error messages from the computer. It helps the mechanic figure out what’s wrong without guessing.

Term

codes

“Codes” are like the car’s error messages. If the computer isn’t seeing a problem, you might get no codes even though the car still has a drivability issue.

Term

crank, no start

“Crank, no start” means the starter spins the engine, but the engine won’t actually run. Often it’s because the engine isn’t getting the right fuel or spark.

Term

fuel pressure gauge

A fuel pressure gauge is a tool that checks how strongly the fuel system is pushing gas to the engine. If the pressure is wrong, the car may not start or may die right away.

Term

annoyed light

This “annoyed light” is a special test light used to see if the car is telling the fuel injectors to spray. If it blinks while cranking and then stops, the computer is likely turning the system off.

Term

scan data

Scan data is the real-time readout from the car’s computer. It can show what the computer is doing—like whether it’s allowing fuel and spark—or if it’s shutting things down.

Term

injectors

Injectors are the parts that spray fuel into the engine. The computer turns them on and off in quick pulses—so watching injector activity helps diagnose why the engine won’t keep running.

Concept

security thing

This is the car’s anti-theft system. If it doesn’t recognize the key or authorization, it can stop the engine from continuing to run by cutting off fuel or injector command.

Term

fuel injector

Fuel injectors are small valves that spray gasoline into the engine. If the computer turns one off, that part of the engine may not get fuel, so the car can run poorly or not start.

Term

security issue

Cars have an anti-theft system that can stop the engine from running if something doesn’t look right. Here, the idea is that the car’s security system is preventing fuel from being delivered.

Term

bi-directional controls

Bi-directional controls are special scan-tool commands that can actively test parts of the car. Instead of only reading error messages, the tool can try turning a pump or other component on to see if it works.

Term

Injector pulse

Injector pulse is the signal that tells the fuel injector when to spray fuel. If there’s no injector pulse, the engine computer may be stopping fuel delivery, so checking it helps find the real cause.

Term

fuel pressure at that rail

The fuel rail is like a small pressurized pipe that feeds fuel to the injectors. Measuring pressure there tells you if the fuel system is working properly.

Cadillac Xts
Car

Cadillac Xts

They’re talking about their 2014 Cadillac XTS. The car is making a bumping noise in the front, and they also had problems with the power seat and power mirror.

Part

power steering rack

The power steering rack helps your steering move smoothly and with less effort. If it’s worn out, it can make noises when you drive or turn.

Term

power assist automatic parking function

This is a feature that helps the car steer itself into a parking space, using sensors and power steering help. If something in the car’s electronics is acting up, this feature can be affected too.

Term

reflash

Reflashing is like updating the computer software in the car. It can fix steering problems if the issue is caused by a software or calibration glitch.

Brand

GM part

A “GM part” is the official replacement part made to GM’s specifications. It can be more reliable for fit and function than some aftermarket options.

Term

reprogram

Reprogramming means changing what the car’s steering computer is told to do. If the problem is caused by settings or software, this can fix it without new parts.

Term

electric power steering units

Electric power steering uses a motor to help you steer. If it’s not set up right, it can cause strange vibrations or noises, and updating the settings can help.

Term

certified used part

A certified used part is a used component that’s been checked and approved to be in good shape. It can cost less than new, but with more confidence than an unknown used part.

Term

remanufactured racks

A remanufactured steering rack is an older rack that gets rebuilt and tested so it works like it should. It usually costs less than a brand-new one.

Company

Dorman Products

Dorman Products makes replacement parts for cars, including remanufactured steering components. They’re often cheaper than buying brand-new, while still being rebuilt to work properly.

Term

aftermarket version

An aftermarket part is made by a company other than the car’s original manufacturer. It can be cheaper, but it’s important to check who rebuilt it and what warranty you get.

Term

bulletin

A bulletin is like the manufacturer’s “playbook” for a specific problem. It tells the shop what to look for and what fix usually works, so you’re less likely to pay for guesswork.

Term

program it

Programming here means the shop uses tools to update the car’s computer with the manufacturer’s recommended fix. It’s usually done when there’s a known issue and a specific update to try.

Company

GM

GM is the car company behind many vehicles. Here, they’re saying the fix might be done with an update to the car’s computer instead of replacing hardware.

Term

independent shop

An independent shop is a non-dealer repair place. They can often still get the same official repair information and software updates, so you may pay less than at the dealership.

Term

software to program your car

This is the computer program the shop uses to talk to your car and install the update. Without the right software, they can’t reliably apply the manufacturer’s fix.

Term

rack replacement

Rack replacement means replacing a key steering part (the steering rack). It’s a bigger, more expensive repair than a software update, so the caller is hoping the update works first.

2006 Ford F-150
Car

2006 Ford F-150

This is a Ford pickup truck from 2006. The caller says it has a manual gearbox, and the problem seems to happen when they release the clutch.

Term

V6

V6 means the engine has six cylinders. It’s a common engine type that usually runs smoothly and fits well in many vehicles.

Term

five-speed manual transmission

This is a stick shift with five forward gears. You use the clutch pedal to change gears and control how the engine power reaches the wheels.

Term

reverse

Reverse is the gear you use to back up. If the problem happens in reverse too, it suggests the clutch isn’t working smoothly.

Term

clutch engaging

Clutch engagement is when the clutch connects the engine to the transmission so the car can move in gear. If it engages too quickly (like “after only about an inch”), it can cause jerking, stalling, or a “popping” feel when you release the pedal.

Term

popping the clutch

“Popping the clutch” is when the clutch grabs suddenly instead of smoothly. That can make the truck jerk and may lead to stalling.

Term

clutch was very sensitive

“Sensitive clutch” means it starts working almost immediately when you lift your foot. If it’s too sensitive, the truck can stall because it’s grabbing too soon.

Term

fuel control module

This module helps control how fuel gets to the engine. If it fails, the engine may not get the fuel it needs, so the vehicle may crank but won’t start.

Term

fuel delivery

Fuel delivery just means the engine is actually getting fuel. If something in the fuel system fails, the engine can crank but won’t start because it isn’t receiving fuel.

Term

clutch master and slave cylinder

The clutch uses fluid pressure to move parts. The master cylinder makes the pressure and the slave cylinder uses it to push the clutch. If one starts to fail, the clutch may not fully release.

Term

throw out bearing

When you press the clutch pedal, a bearing helps push the clutch to disengage. If it doesn’t move far enough, the car may not behave correctly when you try to start or shift.

Part

clutch cover

This is the part that squeezes the clutch disc so the engine and transmission connect. If it doesn’t release correctly, the car can feel wrong when you shift, and the clutch assembly usually needs replacement.

Part

internal slave cylinder

This is a small hydraulic part that helps the clutch release when you press the pedal. If it’s inside the transmission area, it can be harder to reach, so repairs can cost more.

Term

bore scope

A bore scope is basically a tiny camera that can peek inside hard-to-reach areas. It helps the mechanic see what’s going on before taking everything apart.

Term

hydraulics

Here, “hydraulics” means the fluid system that moves the clutch parts. If there’s a leak or damage, the clutch won’t work right, so they may need to fix more than just the clutch itself.

Term

straight stick

“Straight stick” means the truck has a manual transmission. Manual cars use a clutch pedal and clutch parts, so when something fails, the repair usually involves the clutch system.

Term

EcoBoost

EcoBoost is Ford’s name for many of its turbocharged engines. The speaker is saying the older engine setup is different from the newer EcoBoost versions, which can change what you see in the real world.

Ford Ranger
Car

Ford Ranger

The Ford Ranger is another pickup truck model. They’re using it as an example of where they’ve seen the same kind of manual setup, which is rare in newer trucks.

Term

clutch sticky

If the clutch feels “sticky,” it doesn’t separate cleanly when you press the pedal. That can make the car shift poorly or not fully disengage.

Term

disengaged

Disengaged means the clutch is fully separating the engine from the gearbox. If it doesn’t disengage, shifting gets difficult and the car may feel jerky.

Term

two-wheel drive

Two-wheel drive means only one axle (front or rear) is powered. That can make repairs easier because there’s less drivetrain stuff in the way.

Term

tranny

“Tranny” is just a casual way to say “transmission,” the gearbox that sends power to the wheels. Removing it is often needed for clutch or drivetrain repairs.

Term

transfer case

A transfer case is a part that sends power to both the front and rear axles on 4WD trucks. If you don’t have one (like on 2WD), repairs are usually simpler.

Term

348

“348” is shorthand for a specific V8 engine size used by Chevrolet. When you replace an engine, you need to make sure the replacement matches the right engine type.

Term

409

“409” is shorthand for a large V8 engine size used by Chevrolet. It matters because different engines can have different internal specs that affect fit and operation.

Term

C60 Chevy trucks

“C60” refers to a specific Chevrolet truck line. Engines from that kind of truck can be set up differently than car engines, which can affect the swap.

Term

truck engines

Truck engines are built and tuned a bit differently than car engines. When swapping one into a different vehicle, the differences can affect how it runs and what parts you need.

Term

compression

Compression is how tightly the engine squeezes the fuel/air mixture before it ignites. More compression can make more power, but it can also make the engine harder to run safely without the right setup.

Term

horsepower

Horsepower is a number that describes how strong an engine is. More horsepower usually means the car can accelerate harder, assuming the rest of the drivetrain is set up to use it.

Term

crankshafts

The crankshaft is the main rotating shaft inside the engine. It’s what turns the piston motion into the spinning motion that powers the car.

Term

camshafts

The camshaft controls when the engine’s valves open and close. That timing affects how the engine makes power—either more at low RPMs or more at higher RPMs.

Term

heads

The heads are the top parts of the engine where the valves are. Changing the heads can change how well the engine breathes and where it makes power.

Term

RPMs

RPM tells you how fast the engine is spinning. Engines can be tuned to make more power at lower RPMs or higher RPMs.

Term

torque curve

The torque curve is a chart of how strong the engine feels at different engine speeds. A “different torque curve” means the engine pulls harder in a different RPM range.

Term

Duramax

Duramax is a type of diesel engine used in some GM trucks. The hosts are saying these engines are often tuned to run at lower speeds to last longer.

Term

motor mounts

Motor mounts hold the engine in place inside the car or truck. If you put a different engine in, you may need different mounts so it fits correctly and doesn’t shake.

Term

drive pulleys

Drive pulleys are the spinning wheels on the front of the engine that run belts for accessories. If you change engines, you may need the right pulleys so everything spins correctly.

Term

remanufacturer

A remanufacturer is a shop that takes a used engine and rebuilds it with new or refurbished parts. They can make it run well again, but the process usually isn’t cheap.

Company

car-part.com

car-part.com is a website where you can buy used car parts. You enter your car info and it helps match parts that should fit.

Term

aftermarket OEM replica wheels

Aftermarket wheels are made by companies other than the automaker. “OEM replica” means they’re designed to resemble the original factory wheels and usually mount the same way.

Term

TPMS sensors

TPMS sensors are small devices in the wheels that track tire pressure. If you swap wheels, you usually need to move these sensors over so your dashboard doesn’t keep warning you.

Term

steel wheels

Steel wheels are made from steel, and they’re usually heavier than aluminum wheels. They’re often chosen because they’re durable and can be cheaper.

Term

aluminum alloy

Aluminum alloy wheels are wheels made from aluminum mixed with other metals. They’re often lighter than steel wheels, which can be a benefit for how the car feels.

Term

Aftermarket wheels

Aftermarket wheels are replacement wheels made by other brands, not the car’s original manufacturer. They can save money, but you have to make sure they fit your specific car.

Term

storage months

“Storage months” are times when you keep the car parked and not driving it (like winter). Some insurance plans don’t cover stored cars unless you set it up correctly.

Term

agreed value policy

An agreed value policy means you and the insurer agree on a price for the car ahead of time. If something happens, you don’t have to argue about the value after the fact.

Term

homeowners policy

A homeowners policy is insurance for your house. The host is saying it often doesn’t cover your car when it’s stored for the winter.

Company

motor medics

“Motor medics” is the name of the show’s help line/segment where you can call for automotive assistance.

Company

First Brands

They’re talking about a company called First Brands. It got tied up in financial trouble, and that affected who makes and supplies some car parts.

Brand

Fram

Fram is a well-known car-parts brand. Here, they mention it in the context of oil filters and who supplies them.

Brand

Carlson

Carlson is a car-parts brand. In this conversation, it’s brought up because it’s part of the same company group as other brands that supply parts to repair shops.

Brand

AC Delco

AC Delco is a car-parts brand. The hosts are saying some oil filters for AC Delco come from the same manufacturing group, so supply issues can change what part number you get.

Term

oil filters

An oil filter cleans the engine oil while the engine runs. The hosts are talking about how, when supply is disrupted, shops may have to use a different filter number until the right one is back.

Term

alternative number

Sometimes a shop can’t get the exact part number they ordered. So they use an approved substitute part number for now, then switch back later when the correct one is available.

Concept

bankruptcy

Bankruptcy is when a company can’t pay what it owes and has to go through a legal process. The episode uses it to show that familiar brands can disappear, making supplies harder to get.

Concept

all too big to fail

“Too big to fail” means some big companies are considered so important that the government may step in to keep them from going under. The hosts mention it in the context of the 2008 crisis and auto bailouts.

Concept

Government bailouts

A government bailout is when the government provides money to keep a struggling company from collapsing. The hosts bring it up to remind listeners that big auto companies have faced major crises before.

Concept

product supplies during COVID

The episode references COVID-era supply disruptions, when manufacturing and logistics slowed and certain materials or components became scarce. That kind of shortage can directly affect repair costs because shops may wait longer for parts or pay more when inventory is limited.

Concept

parts were made overseas

If parts are made overseas, they have to be shipped in from another country. When global shipping or factories get disrupted, it can delay repairs and raise costs.

Brand

Penn's oil

Pennzoil is an engine-oil brand. They’re bringing it up as an example of a product people trust that could become unavailable if the company runs into trouble.

Company

Quaker state

Quaker State is a brand that makes engine oil. The hosts mention it to show that even familiar oil brands can vanish, which can make it harder to get the products shops rely on.

Brand

mobile one

Mobil 1 is a brand of engine oil. The point is that if a familiar oil brand disappears or gets harder to source, repair shops can struggle to keep parts and fluids in stock.

Concept

laid off

Being laid off means people lose their jobs because the company is struggling or cutting costs. The hosts use it as a clue that a business may be in trouble and supplies could get affected.

Term

HVAC

HVAC is the car’s system for heating and cooling the cabin. It includes the air conditioner and the parts that control where the air comes out.

Lucid Air
Car

Lucid Air

The Lucid Air is an electric car that’s built like a luxury sedan. The podcast mentions a situation where the air conditioning didn’t seem to cool well from the vents. That’s about the car’s climate control system not working as expected.

Term

vacuum ball

A vacuum ball is like a small vacuum “tank” that helps the car’s vacuum-powered controls work reliably. If the hose to it is loose or broken, the air controls may not function.

Term

firewall

The firewall is the wall of metal that separates the engine area from the inside of the car. Hoses and wires often go through it, so problems there can cause system failures.

Term

electrical tape

Electrical tape can be used as a quick fix to hold something together temporarily. But it’s not a real long-term repair for vacuum hoses, which can crack again.

Term

vacuum line

A vacuum line is a small rubber hose that uses suction from the engine. It helps run certain car systems, so if it’s cracked or loose, the system may not work right.

Company

advanced auto parts

Advanced Auto Parts is a store where you can buy replacement parts for cars. The host is suggesting it because they usually have vacuum hose and the small connectors you need.

Term

one way check valve

A one-way check valve is like a one-direction flap for air/vacuum. It helps make sure suction goes the right way and doesn’t reverse.

Term

vacuum diagram

A vacuum diagram is a picture that shows where each vacuum hose connects. It helps you put the hoses back in the right places.

Concept

electronic actuators

Electronic actuators are parts that move or switch things using electricity instead of engine vacuum. The host is saying newer cars rely less on vacuum hoses for control.

Concept

bulk stuff

They’re suggesting you buy the basic materials in bulk instead of a ready-made kit. That way, you may be able to do the repair with the same parts for less money.

Term

intake

Here, “intake” means the part of the engine that brings air in. Some repair parts connect there, and it can be hard to reach depending on where the access points are.

Term

grommet

A grommet is a small rubber/plastic piece that lines a hole so something can pass through safely. It helps prevent rubbing or damage, and it can be hard to reach when you’re working under the hood.

Term

Mr. Gadget tool

They’re talking about a special tool that helps you reach into tight spaces and grab something you can’t reach with your hand. It’s basically a long grabber you can use to pull parts out or position them.

2014 equinox
Car

2014 equinox

They’re talking about a 2014 Chevrolet Equinox that’s using a lot of engine oil. The point is to figure out what repairs might cost and what options you have when the engine starts failing.

Term

rings are going bad

Piston rings are small parts inside the engine that help keep oil where it belongs. If they wear out, the engine can start burning oil instead of keeping it out of the cylinders.

Term

catalytic converter

The catalytic converter is part of the exhaust system that helps clean up engine fumes. If the engine burns oil, that oil can clog or damage it over time.

Concept

blue books

“Blue book” is a pricing guide people use to estimate what a car is worth. The host is saying those guides can be wrong for a car with real problems or in your local area.

Term

engine light

The engine light is the dashboard warning that tells you the car’s computer found a problem. If it’s on, it usually means the car needs attention and can affect how much it’s worth.

Term

trade in value

Trade-in value is what a dealership will pay you for your current car. The host is saying dealers may offer less if your car has known issues, because they don’t want to take on that risk.

Term

used engine

A used engine is a replacement engine taken from another car. It’s often cheaper than buying a brand-new engine, and it can be part of a repair plan.

Term

year warranty

A warranty is coverage that pays for certain repairs if something goes wrong. The host is pointing out that the replacement package includes a one-year guarantee.

Term

remanufactured engine

A remanufactured engine is a used engine that’s been rebuilt and repaired. It can cost less than a new engine, but you still want to make sure it’s the right fix for your exact problem.

Term

PVC system

The PCV system helps keep pressure from building up inside the engine. If it clogs, pressure can force oil out and the engine may start burning oil.

Term

orifice

An orifice is a small hole or restriction. If that small passage gets clogged, the engine can’t vent pressure correctly.

Term

positive crankcase ventilation system

The PCV system is like a pressure relief path for the engine’s crankcase. If it gets blocked, pressure builds up and can push oil into the combustion process, leading to oil burning and leaks.

Term

negative pressure

Negative pressure means the engine is pulling fumes out of the crankcase. If that stops working, pressure can build and push oil where it shouldn’t go.

Term

positive pressure

Positive pressure means the engine’s crankcase is pressurized. When that happens, oil can get forced past seals and into the combustion area.

Term

back pressure

Back pressure is resistance to airflow or gas movement. If it’s too high, it can mean something is clogged, and that can help decide whether the problem is fixable without replacing the engine.

Term

fuel injection

Fuel injection is a modern way of adding fuel to the engine using controlled nozzles. It often helps the car start easier and run smoother, especially when it’s cold.

Term

low end hesitation

Low end hesitation is when the car doesn’t respond smoothly right when you press the gas at low speeds. It can feel like a stumble or lag before it pulls.

Term

carburetor

A carburetor is an older device that mixes fuel and air for the engine. When it’s cold, it can be harder to get the right mix, which can cause hesitation.

Term

air gap

An air gap (often in intake manifold designs) is a space intended to reduce heat transfer from the engine to the carburetor. Less heat can improve performance in warm conditions, but too little heat can cause poor cold running and low-end hesitation.

Dodge Charger
Car

Dodge Charger

A Dodge Charger is a classic Dodge muscle car. In this part, they’re trying to figure out which Charger they’re picturing based on the color and a few visual cues.

Dodge Challenger
Car

Dodge Challenger

The Dodge Challenger is a classic muscle car. They’re talking about a 1973 Challenger and trying to remember what color and details it had.

Dodge Dart
Car

Dodge Dart

The Dodge Dart is a Dodge compact car. The hosts are basically reminiscing about a Dart someone owned and whether those cars were liked or reliable.

Brand

Dodge brothers commercials

They’re talking about old Dodge ads that used the “Dodge Brothers” characters. It’s a marketing reference to how Dodge built brand recognition.

0:00
47:54