GHiT 0762: Nick Barbato's GLTC at Road Atlanta
Garage Heroes In Training
Garage Heroes In Training May 26, 2026
GHiT 0762:  Nick Barbato's GLTC at Road Atlanta

GHiT 0762: Nick Barbato's GLTC at Road Atlanta

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GHiT 0762:  Nick Barbato's GLTC at Road Atlanta
Dodge Road Runner
Car

Dodge Road Runner

The Dodge Road Runner is a classic muscle car from Dodge. It’s known for being a performance-focused car with a strong enthusiast following. In the podcast, it’s mentioned as part of a story, not as a detailed technical topic.

Term

pit wall

The pit wall is the wall next to the pit lane that separates cars in the pits from the track. Drivers use it as a reference point for where to brake and how close they can get while staying on track.

Term

apex

The apex is the inside “turning point” of a corner. Racing drivers aim to pass that point so the car is positioned well to exit the turn and speed up.

Term

rumbles at exit

Rumble strips are the bumpy strips near the edge of the track. If you hit them at the wrong time, the car can feel unsettled and you lose time, so drivers try not to rely on them.

Term

offline marbles

“Marbles” are loose junk on the track surface that builds up off the main racing line. If your tires hit it, grip can suddenly drop and the car may feel looser or harder to control.

Term

driving simulator

A driving simulator is a video-game-style setup that lets you practice driving a track. It’s useful for learning lines and braking points, and for testing mistakes safely before doing it for real.

Term

horsepower

Horsepower is a measure of how much power the engine makes. Less horsepower usually means the car accelerates more slowly, which matters a lot in races.

Term

tune

A tune is the car’s computer settings for how the engine runs. If you don’t have the right tune ready, you may have to drive with safer settings until it’s updated.

Term

qualifying time

Qualifying time is the lap time you set before the race. It often decides where you start, and faster qualifying usually gives you a better chance to score well.

Term

reclassifying to 215

“Reclassifying to 215” means moving the car into a different rules category, usually tied to tire size. That can change what the car is allowed to run (like weight), which affects how fast it can be.

Term

three tenths of a second

Three tenths of a second is a small time gap, but in racing it can be huge. Tiny improvements can move you several spots on the grid or in the results.

Place

Watkins Leonard

This sounds like “Watkins Glen,” a well-known race track in New York. It’s a twisty course where drivers have to be smooth and consistent to do well.

Place

Lime Rock

Lime Rock Park is a race track in Connecticut. It’s known for being short and twisty, so driving mistakes and car setup differences can really matter.

Topic

grid life drifters

“Grid Life” is a motorsports event that sometimes includes drifting. Here, they’re describing a drift setup happening alongside the main racing weekend.

Concept

initiate the drift

“Initiate the drift” means starting a controlled slide. The driver intentionally gets the rear tires to lose grip so the car can rotate while still being steered.

Concept

hard right

A “hard right” is a big, quick steering turn to the right. In drifting, that kind of steering helps the car rotate and stay in the slide.

Topic

combined single session, GT and TC

They’re saying the weekend schedule combined two racing groups into one shared session. That changes how drivers plan their laps because it’s not separated into practice and qualifying.

Term

banker time

A “banker time” is an early lap that’s already fast enough to put you in a good position. It’s like saving a good score before you try to improve even more later.

Term

fresh set of tires

“Fresh tires” means the car has new tires that grip the road better. Qualifying laps are often planned to happen when the tires are at their best.

Term

purple lap

A “purple lap” is a lap that’s your best time in that session. It’s a color on the timing display telling you you’re doing great compared to your previous laps.

Term

transponder

A transponder is a small electronic tag on the race car that the track uses to automatically time your laps. If it doesn’t get read, your lap times may not count properly.

Term

averaging my last five laps

Instead of using one best lap, race officials used an average of several of his recent laps. That can change where you start the race, even if you had one really strong lap.

Term

out lap

An out lap is the lap you do when you leave the pits and are still getting up to speed. It can be slower or less consistent than a lap where everything is fully warmed up.

Plymouth P15
Car

Plymouth P15

The Plymouth P15 is an older classic car made by Plymouth. The podcast mentions it while talking about how it does on straight sections of road, which relates to how fast it can go and how it accelerates. It’s being used as an example of performance in a simple, practical way.

Topic

GLTC

GLTC is the racing series he’s talking about. He’s saying that in this kind of racing, getting around other cars is hard, so starting a few spots back can really hurt your chances.

Term

clean air

Clean air means you’re not being affected by another car’s airflow. If you’re stuck behind someone, the air around your car gets messy, and it can reduce grip and make passing much harder.

Term

balked

Being balked means you get stuck behind slower cars and can’t get around them right away. That can ruin your chances because you lose the right moment to pass.

Ford Mustang
Car

Ford Mustang

The Ford Mustang is a performance car made by Ford. People talk about it a lot in racing because it’s built to go fast and there are lots of parts and tuning options for it. In the podcast, it’s mentioned because someone works as a mechanic for a Mustang racing team.

BMW E36
Car

BMW E36

The BMW E36 is an older BMW 3 Series (from the 1990s). People often modify it for track driving, and here they’re testing one with a different engine to make it faster.

Term

B48 swap

A “B48 swap” means putting a BMW B48 engine into a car that didn’t originally have it. It’s a way to get a newer, often turbocharged engine into an older chassis for better track performance.

Term

six or seven speed box

“Box” here is shorthand for the gearbox/transmission. Matching a swapped engine to a multi-speed transmission is important because gear ratios affect acceleration, top speed, and how well the engine stays in its power band during laps.

Part

Zebulon front splitter

A front splitter is a piece that sticks out low in front to help the car “stick” to the road by using airflow. Here they’re testing how much faster the car is with the Zebulon splitter on.

Term

air dammit devices

He’s talking about aerodynamic add-ons that change how air flows around the car. Even if the engine stays the same, these can make the car grip better and go faster through corners.

Term

high speed left over crest

“Over crest” means the track goes up and then down through the corner. That can change how the tires grip, so it’s a spot where aero and suspension setup really matter.

Term

high speed corner

A high-speed corner is a turn you take quickly, without slowing down a lot. At those speeds, the car’s aerodynamics and tire grip matter more than in slower turns. That’s why setup changes can noticeably affect lap time.

Term

pace Delta

Pace delta just means the time difference—how much faster one car is than another. The host is saying the splitter might create a big enough time gap to matter over the whole lap. Small speed changes can add up.

Term

arrow

Here, “arrow” sounds like the car’s aerodynamic grip—how much the aero parts help the tires stay planted. The host is comparing two similar cars to see how much that extra “push down” helps in a corner. It’s about how aero affects cornering speed.

Concept

setup tweaked around there

A “setup” is how a race car is adjusted for a specific track. Here, the host is saying Wingfield fine-tuned his car for Road Atlanta instead of just using the same settings everywhere.

Term

valve train

The valve train is the mechanism inside the engine that controls when the intake and exhaust valves open and close. If you’re driving hard on a track, people often upgrade it so it lasts longer under stress.

Car

BMW S52

The S52 is a BMW engine (an inline-six) that shows up in some M3s. In this story, they’re saying their car uses the stock S52, but with small changes to help the valve-train last longer on track.

Term

ZF gearbox

A ZF gearbox is the transmission made by ZF. On track, the transmission matters because it helps you keep the engine in the right rev range while you accelerate and slow down for corners.

Term

mechanical throttle body

A mechanical throttle body means the gas pedal is connected to the throttle plate with a physical linkage. That can make throttle response feel more direct compared to newer “electronic” throttle systems.

Term

stock engine management

Engine management is the computer that controls how the engine runs. “Stock engine management” means they’re using the factory settings rather than a custom tune.

BMW E46 M3
Car

BMW E46 M3

The BMW E46 M3 is a track-capable BMW from the early 2000s. Here, they’re talking about Eric Magnuson’s E46 M3 and how its engine setup changes how much power it makes and when it makes it.

Term

275

“275” here is almost certainly the tire width in millimeters. Wider tires can provide more grip, which matters a lot for cornering and acceleration on track.

Term

race weight

Race weight is how heavy the car is when it’s actually being driven in the race, not just empty. A lighter race weight usually helps the car accelerate and handle better.

Term

11 inch wheel

Wheel width affects how the tire sits and how it contacts the road. Matching an 11-inch wheel with a wide tire can help the tire work better when you’re driving aggressively.

Term

RPM

RPM is the engine speed—how fast it’s spinning. They’re saying their power is strongest at certain engine speeds, then it drops as the revs get higher toward the redline.

Term

red line

Redline is the highest engine speed you’re supposed to run. People use it as a reference for what the engine can do near the top of its rev range.

Term

V8

A V8 is an engine with eight cylinders. It usually makes strong pulling power, which helps the car accelerate—especially when you’re coming out of a turn.

Term

torque

Torque is the engine’s pulling force. More torque generally means the car can get up to speed faster, especially when you’re accelerating out of a turn.

Concept

hybrid racing

Hybrid racing means the car uses both a gas engine and an electric system. The electric part can help the car accelerate and manage energy during the race.

Term

ECM

The ECM is the engine’s control computer. They’re saying the car’s computer may be set up to change engine settings—like power output—when the driver presses a button.

Term

coefficient of drag

Coefficient of drag is a number that describes how “slippery” a car is through the air. Lower drag helps the car lose less speed on straights and usually makes it faster.

Chevrolet Corvette
Car

Chevrolet Corvette

The Chevrolet Corvette is a sports car designed to be fast and handle well. The podcast talks about how its shape affects how easily it moves through the air. That’s important because air resistance can strongly affect speed.

Term

6-speed gearbox

A 6-speed gearbox is the transmission with six gears. More gears (and the right gear spacing) help the engine stay in the “sweet spot” so the car accelerates strongly.

Term

custom ratios

Custom ratios means the gear spacing was chosen specifically for the racing situation. It’s done so the car’s acceleration and speed match what the track and rules require.

Term

6B

“6B” here is the name of the specific 6-speed gearbox setup the host wants. It’s not just any 6-speed—it’s a particular configuration aimed at better acceleration and shifting.

Term

close ratio

A “close ratio” transmission means the gears are closer together. That helps the engine stay in the useful power range so you don’t fall out of power between shifts.

Brand

ZF

ZF is a company that makes transmissions. In this conversation, it’s the transmission brand currently in the car, and they’re considering building a custom version of it.

Term

usable gears

“Usable gears” means the gears that actually help you at the track. If the gearing doesn’t match the speeds you reach, some gears won’t be useful for accelerating.

Term

natural power band

Your engine has an RPM range where it feels strongest. “Natural power band” means that sweet spot, and the setup aims to keep the engine working there as you drive.

Place

Watkins Glen

Watkins Glen is a famous road racing track. The host is talking about making setup changes specifically for that track’s demands.

Term

electronic throttle body

Instead of a cable connecting your gas pedal to the engine, an electronic throttle body uses a motor to control the airflow valve. That makes it easier for the car’s computer to control how the engine responds.

Term

dyno

A dyno is a machine that tests the car’s engine on rollers. It helps measure horsepower and lets the tuner adjust settings safely.

Term

power curve

The power curve is a graph of how strong the engine feels at different RPMs. It helps you see whether power comes on early, late, or stays consistent.

Term

mid-range

Mid-range is the middle part of the RPM range. Making more power there usually improves how the car feels in real driving, not just at the very top RPM.

Term

Link ECU

Link ECU is an aftermarket engine computer. It gives the tuner control over how the engine runs so the car can be tuned for the power you want.

Term

MS3 Pro

MS3 Pro is an aftermarket computer for the engine. It lets a tuner adjust how the engine runs so you can tailor power and drivability.

Term

drive by wire

Drive-by-wire means the gas pedal doesn’t directly move the throttle by cable. Instead, sensors tell the computer what you want, and the computer controls the throttle electronically.

Term

electronic pedal

An electronic pedal uses sensors to detect how far you press the gas. The car’s computer then uses that signal to control the throttle.

Term

drops a valve

“Drops a valve” means a valve inside the engine fails and can’t move/seat correctly anymore. That can quickly turn into serious engine damage, which is why it’s a big deal for someone trying to race on a tight schedule.

Company

carpart.com

They found the engine online through carpart.com. It’s basically a place to buy parts/engines without going to a local shop first.

Term

drop shipped

“Drop shipped” means the engine was sent straight from the seller to the person building the car. It’s a way to get parts faster without handling them through extra steps.

Term

OEM plus

“OEM plus” means using mostly factory-style parts, but upgrading a few things to make the car better than stock. It’s not a full-on race build, more like “better than stock” while staying practical.

Term

aluminum block engine

An aluminum block engine is an engine where the main engine structure is made from aluminum instead of heavier iron. It’s lighter, which can help the car feel more balanced and easier to handle.

Term

S54

S54 is a BMW performance engine (from the E46 M3). People like it for racing because it makes strong power and responds well to tuning.

Concept

best of the rest

“Best of the rest” means you might not be the absolute fastest, but you’re the best among the other cars. It’s a way of describing being near the front even if you can’t win outright.

Term

K24

K24 is Honda’s 2.4-liter engine. When people mention it in a swap, they mean they’re putting that engine into a different Honda car to get better performance potential.

Honda S2000
Car

Honda S2000

They’re talking about a Honda S2000 that gets a different engine—specifically a Honda K24 engine. It’s a common “swap” idea because it can help the car make more power and be more track-friendly.

Topic

NJMP

NJMP is a race track in New Jersey. They’re talking about what car a guest will drive there soon.

Term

air box

The air box is part of the system that brings air into the engine. If it’s changed to let the engine breathe better, the car can feel stronger and run faster. That’s why it can affect race pace.

Concept

battle pace

Battle pace means how fast the car is when you’re actually racing and dealing with other cars. It’s not just about one perfect lap—it’s about staying quick while defending or trying to pass. That’s why it can be harder to measure than pure lap time.

Place

Royal Atlanta

“Royal Atlanta” sounds like the track layout they’re talking about at Road Atlanta. Knowing the track helps you understand where the car will be strong or struggle in corners and braking. That’s a big part of race strategy.

Concept

sim work

“Sim work” means practicing in a racing video game simulator. People use it to learn the track and try different driving lines and setups. It helps you show up to the real race weekend more prepared.

Term

flat power band

“Power band” is the engine’s sweet spot where it pulls hardest. A “flat power band” means it feels strong and steady over a bigger range of engine speeds, which makes the car easier to drive fast.

Term

carrying 5%

“Carrying 5%” here means the car has extra weight added for racing balance. Extra weight usually makes the car slower, so it affects lap times and strategy.

Term

100 pounds

They’re talking about how much extra weight the car has—100 pounds. In racing, that kind of weight increase can cost time, but the exact penalty depends on the track and how the weight is added.

Place

Gingerman

Gingerman Raceway is a race track in Michigan. The speaker mentions it because results there can change how much extra weight a car has for the next races.

Term

weight range

They’re saying the “extra weight costs X time” estimate depends on the car’s overall weight category. Where you put the weight and what the track is like can change how much it slows you down.

Term

fuel starving

Fuel starving means the engine isn’t getting enough gas when it needs it. Even if the tank isn’t empty, the fuel can move around in the tank during hard cornering, so the pickup doesn’t pull fuel reliably. The car then loses power until the fuel system “catches up” again.

Part

dual pump kit

A dual pump kit is an upgrade to the fuel system that uses two fuel pumps instead of one. The goal is to keep the engine supplied with enough gas during demanding driving. Here, the surprising part is that even with two pumps, the car still had fuel-starvation at certain conditions.

Term

cambered corner

A cambered corner means the road is slanted in the turn. That slope changes how the tires press into the pavement, which can make the car feel more stable or grippy through the corner.

Term

dual pickups

Dual pickups are two places in the fuel tank where fuel can be drawn from. In hard cornering, fuel can slosh away from one pickup, so having two helps keep the engine supplied.

Term

starvation kit

A starvation kit helps stop the engine from running out of fuel during aggressive driving. When you corner hard, fuel can move away from the fuel pickup, so these kits add extra pickup/pump arrangements to keep fuel flowing.

Term

fuel light

The fuel light is the warning that the car has low fuel. Here it’s being used as a real-world check that the fuel system can still supply the engine even when the tank is almost empty.

Term

dual pumps

“Dual pumps” just means there are two fuel pumps instead of one. The goal is usually to make sure the engine gets enough fuel, especially when the car is modified or running harder.

Term

baffles

“Baffles” are little internal parts inside the fuel system that help keep fuel flowing smoothly to the pump. If they’re not there or not working right, the pump can pull in air and fuel delivery can get worse.

Term

fuel pump rings

“Fuel pump rings” are sealing parts around the fuel pump. If they’re worn out, they can cause leaks or fuel delivery problems, so checking and replacing them can help the system work correctly.

Topic

ST4

“ST4” sounds like a specific competition class/category. The important part is that different classes allow different modifications, so what you can do to the car depends on the rules for ST4.

Term

resurfacing

Resurfacing means fixing up a surface so it’s smooth again. They’re doing it first so the paint and other finishing steps stick better and last longer.

Term

ride height

Ride height is how high or low the car sits. Lowering or raising it changes how the car grips the road and how well parts like the front splitter fit without scraping.

Term

roll center

The roll center is a suspension “pivot point” that affects how much the car leans in turns. Tweaking it can help the car feel more controlled when you’re cornering hard.

Term

titanium skid pucks

Skid pucks are like protective pads underneath the car. They take the damage if the car hits the ground, and titanium helps keep them tough without adding much weight.

Term

flares

Flares are add-on pieces around the wheel wells. They help fit wider tires and keep the tires covered so the car can run a more aggressive setup.

Term

Carbon fiber hoods

A carbon fiber hood is an aftermarket or race-prep body panel made from carbon fiber composite. It’s used to reduce weight and can improve front-end response, while also offering good stiffness for track use.

Term

polycarbonate rear glass

Polycarbonate rear glass is a lighter replacement for the back window. It’s made from tough plastic so it can handle track use better than heavy glass.

Term

ballast

Ballast is extra weight you add on purpose. Racers use it to make the car handle the way they want, or to meet the rules for minimum weight.

Term

215 bracket

“215 bracket” probably means they’re running tires around 215 mm wide. Racing rules often group cars by tire size, and that changes how much grip and clearance the setup can use.

Term

tire to weight ratio

Tire-to-weight ratio is basically “how much tire grip you have for how heavy the car is.” If the car is lighter (or has bigger/more capable tires), it usually sticks better and feels more controllable.

Term

mechanical grip

Mechanical grip is how well your tires can “hold on” to the road thanks to the tires and suspension working together. It’s the kind of grip you feel in normal turns when the car is leaning and the tires are doing the work.

Term

traction events

Traction events are the parts of a lap where the tires are working hardest to avoid slipping. That could be braking hard, turning in, or accelerating out of a corner.

Place

CMP

CMP is a specific race track, and “sector one” and “sector three” are just named sections of the lap. They’re saying their car performed really well in those parts at that track.

Term

sector one and sector three

Tracks are often divided into sections called “sectors” so timing can be measured for each part. Saying sector one and sector three were strong means the car was especially fast in those sections of the lap.

Term

VIP 10

“VIP 10” sounds like a special ticket/access level for a small number of VIP guests. It means you can get much closer to the pit crew than regular spectators.

Term

tear the motors apart and put them back together

This describes rapid engine service between runs, where teams disassemble and reassemble powertrain components to address wear or damage. In racing, this is done on a tight schedule so the car can return to the next session.

Term

Clutch

A clutch is what lets the driver smoothly connect the engine to the gearbox. Getting it right helps the car launch cleanly and shift without jerking.

Term

150 degrees

“150 degrees” likely refers to a temperature target for a component during service—commonly to manage heat for safe handling or to bring parts into the right thermal condition. In motorsport, teams often heat or cool parts to control fitment and reduce damage during assembly.

Term

crankshaft bends out of spec

“Out of spec” means the part isn’t exactly within the correct measurements anymore. If a crankshaft bends, it can throw off how the engine runs and can be unsafe or unreliable. That’s why race teams check measurements and may replace parts quickly.

Term

single use components

In racing, some parts are treated like “use it once” items because the extreme driving can damage them. After a run, they may no longer be within safe measurements. Teams replace them to keep the car fast and reliable.

Term

base setup

A “base setup” is the team’s starting tune for the race car. It’s what they begin with before they make smaller changes after seeing how the car grips and handles.

Term

density altitude

Density altitude is a measure of how the air conditions affect the car. When the air is “thinner,” the engine can make less power and the car can feel different, so teams account for it.

Term

base map

A “base map” is the car’s initial computer tune. It tells the engine how to respond, and then the team tweaks it once they learn how the car is behaving on track.

Term

staging beams

Staging beams are the race-track lights that signal when a car is ready to begin its run. Teams try to finish setup changes right before the car is allowed to go.

Term

coefficient of friction

The coefficient of friction is a way to quantify how slippery or grippy the track surface is. If it’s higher, the tires can stick better; if it’s lower, the car will slide sooner.

Term

wind deflectors

Wind deflectors are little aero parts that help control airflow around the car. They can make the car stick better in corners, but sometimes that costs top speed—so teams choose them based on the track.

Term

downforce

Downforce is the “suction” effect from the car’s shape that presses the tires onto the track. More downforce helps you go around turns faster, but it can make the car slower on the straights.

Term

angle of attack

Angle of attack is how “tilted” the wing is into the airflow. Tilting it more usually makes the car stick better in corners, while tilting it less can help the car go faster on straights.

Term

acceleration traces

Acceleration traces are graphs from the car’s data logger showing how the car speeds up over time. If the shape of the graph changes after an adjustment, it helps you understand whether the change improved acceleration.

Term

high speed understeer

Understeer means the front of the car doesn’t “bite” enough in a turn. At high speed, it can feel like the car wants to go straight instead of turning, and aero setup (like wing angle) can help fix it.

Term

wing trimmed

Trimming the wing means adjusting the rear spoiler angle. That changes how much downforce the car gets, which can make the car turn in better or feel more stable at speed.

Place

Road Atlanta

Road Atlanta is a famous race track with fast corners and long straights. When you change things like the rear wing, it can change how the car feels at high speed—especially whether it wants to push wide.

Term

57 zero

“57 zero” sounds like a specific tire size or tire setup. Tire size changes how much grip the car has and how it turns, so not running that exact setup is notable for comparing lap times and feel.

Term

200 tread

“200 tread” likely means a tire type or rating that affects grip and how the tire behaves as it heats up. Different tire setups can change how fast you can go and how stable the car feels.

Place

Thompson

They’re talking about a specific race track in Connecticut called Thompson. They’re saying it has rules about when you’re allowed to run events on Sundays, so the schedule is limited.

Topic

Sunday Concourse

A “Sunday Concourse” is a car-show-style event held after track activities, where cars are displayed and enthusiasts gather. Here it’s mentioned as an alternative to on-track driving/racing on Sundays at Lime Rock.

Term

turbo

A turbo is a device that uses the engine’s exhaust to push more air into the engine. More air usually means more power, which is why turbo engines are common in racing.

Term

popping, banging

“Popping” and “banging” are common on race cars with aggressive exhaust and engine mapping, especially during lift-off or rapid throttle changes. Unburned fuel and exhaust gases can ignite in the exhaust system, creating audible backfires and sharp bangs.

Term

lifting the inside rear tire

That phrase means the inside rear wheel comes off the ground while cornering. It usually happens when the car is pulling so hard that the suspension unloads that wheel, which is common in race setups.

Term

boxy aero package

The “aero package” is the car’s race body parts that affect airflow. The “boxy” look usually means big, intentional shapes that help press the car down for better grip in corners.

Topic

GLDC

GLDC is a racing series/class mentioned in the conversation. The host is basically saying that if you were building a car for that competition, you probably wouldn’t pick this same starting platform.

Term

aerodynamic co-efficiency

It’s basically a number that describes how “hard” the air is pushing back on the car. Lower drag helps the car go faster with the same power.

Place

A out of the main straight

They’re talking about a specific spot right after the main straight on the track. That’s where the other driver made a small mistake and it created a chance to pass.

Term

slipstream

When you follow closely behind another car, the air resistance drops. That can help you gain speed and pull off an overtake.

Place

10A

That’s a named section of the track. Saying “10A” tells you which turn/part of Road Atlanta they were talking about.

Volkswagen Gti
Car

Volkswagen Gti

The Volkswagen Golf is a compact car that many people drive and modify. The podcast mentions it in connection with racing and performance versions like the GTI. That’s why it’s brought up—because it’s a popular starting point for faster, more performance-focused builds.

Volkswagen Jetta
Car

Volkswagen Jetta

The Volkswagen Jetta is a compact car (a sedan) from Volkswagen. People often modify them for track days because the platform is well known and easy to work with.

Volkswagen Fox
Car

Volkswagen Fox

The Volkswagen Fox is an older, small Volkswagen that people used as a cheap racing project. In this conversation, they’re talking about a particular Fox that was raced for years.

Term

open differential

An open differential is the basic type of axle that lets the two drive wheels turn at different speeds. If one wheel loses traction, it can spin instead of helping the car move forward.

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