F1 Explains: Monaco mastery, pole positioning + 'more power' - with Alex Jacques
About this episode
Alex Jacques joins F1 Nation to unpack Monaco’s “mastery” from formation laps to pole-position details. They explain why formation laps exist—especially for getting tyres and brakes into the right operating temperatures—and how extra laps at Monaco force teams to adjust fuel and race distance. The conversation then turns to “more power” requests, energy deployment, and steering-wheel learning. Monaco’s tight, unforgiving layout is contrasted with grid-grip quirks, tyre graining, and why pole placement can be decisive.
Why do F1 cars need a pre-race warm-up? How do drivers master the streets of Monaco? Why does pole position swap sides at different circuits?
These are just some of the questions we're answering in our latest quickfire special. Christian Hewgill is joined by Alex Jacques - F1TV commentator and lover of Canadian cuisine.
Also answered: what do F1 drivers mean when they ask their team for 'more power'? What happens when tyres start 'graining'? Why is damaging a rear wing a race-ending incident?
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- F1 Nation's Monaco GP Preview with Jolyon Palmer and James Hinchcliffe - right here on this feed
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Grand Prix
"Because if it had gone to the end with those two scrapping all the way through, [205.9s] it would have been one of the greatest Grand Prix of all time. [208.7s] I think it would have been, yes."
A Grand Prix is just an F1 race weekend. Drivers race on a track, and the finishing results count toward the season championship.
“Grand Prix” is the official name for an F1 race event. Each Grand Prix is a separate competition weekend on a specific circuit, and the results contribute points to the Drivers’ and Constructors’ Championships.
formation lap
"My question today is, what is the point of the formation lap? [276.4s] A good question."
A formation lap is the warm-up lap before the race actually starts. The cars line up in the right order, and it helps tires and brakes get ready so the race can begin safely.
In Formula 1, the formation lap is the warm-up lap where cars line up in their grid order behind the pace car. It’s used to get tires and brakes up to operating temperature and to ensure everyone is correctly positioned before the race start.
operational temperatures
"But mainly the reason that we have it is for the operational temperatures. The cars simply don't work if the tyres don't have temperature"
Operational temperatures are the “working range” temperatures that parts need to perform well. In F1, tires especially have to be warm enough to grip, otherwise the car won’t behave correctly.
Operational temperatures are the temperature ranges that F1 components need to function correctly. For tires in particular, the car’s grip and behavior depend heavily on reaching the right temperature window before full-speed racing.
tyres
"But mainly the reason that we have it is for the operational temperatures. The cars simply don't work if the tyres don't have temperature"
In this context, “tyres” means the race tires on the car. If they’re not warm, they don’t grip well, so the car can’t drive fast or safely in corners and braking zones.
In F1, “tyres” refers to the race tires that are engineered to work only within certain temperature and pressure ranges. If the tires aren’t warm enough, they can’t generate the grip needed for braking, cornering, and acceleration at race pace.
more power
"When a driver asks for more power during a race, what can the team do for them? ... So when we'll hear a driver on the radio asking for more power, they might they're asking their engineer to look at where they are deploying"
When a driver says "more power" on the radio, they’re asking for a specific kind of extra speed. The team can’t always just crank the engine higher, so they may instead change how the car uses its electrical energy. It’s a targeted request for how the car delivers power.
In this F1 context, a driver asking for "more power" isn’t just a generic request for extra speed—it’s a request for a specific power strategy within the car’s constraints. The team may respond by adjusting how electrical energy is deployed rather than simply turning the engine up. The key is that the radio request maps to a controlled, rule-limited power delivery plan.
engine mode
"So you have to lock yourself into the engine mode that you run for the Grand Prix."
An "engine mode" is like a power setting the team programs for the race. It decides how the car is allowed to make power while you’re driving. The team picks the setting to be fast but also safe for the engine.
In Formula One, an "engine mode" is the pre-set operating strategy the car uses for the power unit during a stint. It controls how the engine and related power systems are allowed to deliver power, and it’s chosen to match the demands of the specific race/track. This matters because the team has to balance speed with reliability.
energy deployment
"Now this year, with the energy deployment that they've got, your engine mapping might stay in one mode, but you can choose to deploy your electrical energy in different ways."
"Energy deployment" means how the team uses the car’s stored electrical energy during the race. They decide the timing and amount to get extra speed when it’s needed. So when a driver wants more power, it can be about using that energy differently.
"Energy deployment" in modern F1 refers to how and when the car releases stored electrical energy to add performance. Instead of changing the engine’s overall setting as freely as in the past, teams can keep the engine strategy steady while varying how they deploy the electric energy. That’s why a driver asking for "more power" may be asking for a different deployment plan rather than a simple engine increase.
engine mapping
"your engine mapping might stay in one mode, but you can choose to deploy your electrical energy in different ways."
"Engine mapping" is the car’s computer settings for how the engine should behave. It affects how the engine responds and how power is delivered. In this case, the team may keep those settings steady and change how the electric energy is used.
In F1, "engine mapping" is the software calibration that determines how the power unit responds—how much power it makes and under what conditions. The transcript suggests that with current energy deployment rules, the team may keep the engine mapping in one mode while adjusting electric energy deployment instead. That shifts the practical meaning of "more power" requests on the radio.
headwind
"So say you've got a massive headwind in one place. That might not be the case at the start of the race."
A headwind is wind coming straight at the car. It makes the car work harder because the air pushes back, so the driver/engine strategy may need to use energy differently to stay fast.
A headwind is wind blowing toward the car. In racing, it increases aerodynamic drag and makes it harder to maintain speed, so teams may adjust power deployment and energy use to compensate.
drag
"You would also know that the car in front was punching a bigger hole in the air, more drag for them."
Drag is the force of air resistance that tries to slow the car down. If the airflow ahead changes because of the car in front, it can make you either lose less speed to the air or struggle more.
Drag is the aerodynamic resistance that slows the car as it moves through air. When the car in front is “punching a bigger hole,” it changes the airflow around you, which can reduce or increase drag and affects how much power/energy you need.
fuel
"And then you can change the fuel. We were talking about the fuel before."
Fuel strategy is about using your fuel in a planned way during the race. If you burn it faster, you may get more power, but you risk not having enough to finish.
Fuel strategy is how the team manages fuel usage across the race to stay within limits while optimizing performance. The speaker frames it as changing how much fuel you consume and at what rate, which directly affects how much power you can run.
steering wheel
"And Alex, we should clarify, shouldn't we? These are things that the drivers are changing on the steering wheel, right?"
The steering wheel isn’t just for turning—it’s also the driver’s control panel. Drivers use buttons and switches on it to change race settings while driving.
In F1, the steering wheel is a control interface where drivers can adjust race settings during the lap. The speaker is clarifying that these power/energy/fuel-related changes are made via wheel controls rather than by physically changing the car.
rotary switch
"Usually on a rotary switch, you'll see the circular switches on the steering wheel, and it's not a simple thing."
A rotary switch is a knob you turn to choose different settings. In an F1 car, it’s built into the steering wheel so the driver can change race settings quickly while still driving fast.
In Formula One, a rotary switch is a physical control used to select settings or modes on the steering wheel. Because it’s integrated into a complex, driver-operated control system, it’s not just a simple “dial”—it’s part of how the car’s electronics and race strategy are managed while driving.
Red Bull
"When Pierre Gasly had just changed teams, he'd left whatever Red Bull's B team was called at the time, and he'd gone to Alpine."
Red Bull is a major Formula 1 racing organization. The host is mentioning it because it has a second team pathway that drivers can move through.
Red Bull is the Formula One team and wider racing brand referenced here in connection with its “B team” structure. In practice, that feeder-team pathway is part of how drivers move between squads and therefore have to learn different steering-wheel setups and procedures.
Alpine
"he'd left whatever Red Bull's B team was called at the time, and he'd gone to Alpine."
Alpine is an F1 team. The host is using Gasly’s move to Alpine to show that changing teams can mean learning a new steering wheel and controls.
Alpine is the Formula One team Pierre Gasly joined in this anecdote. The relevance for listeners is that moving to Alpine would also mean adapting to that team’s specific steering-wheel control layout and race systems.
Silverstone
"I was given a little tour of the Alpine facilities at Silverstone."
Silverstone is a well-known race track in the UK where Formula 1 cars compete. It’s also a place teams use for work and development, so it makes sense they’d show facilities there.
Silverstone is a famous Formula 1 circuit in the UK, used as a race venue and as a major motorsport test and development site. It’s also where teams like Alpine have facilities, so it’s a natural place for behind-the-scenes tours.
paddock
"And the drivers, for those that don't know, have little rooms within the motor homes that are in the paddock over the course of a race weekend."
In Formula 1, the paddock is the secured area where teams park their transporters and motor homes and where cars and equipment are managed between sessions. It’s where drivers and staff move around during a race weekend, including access to driver rooms and support spaces.
cool-down room
"It's quite literally, it's not the cool-down room, but it's a little cool-down room. It's a place to change."
A cool-down room is a dedicated space in the team area where drivers can recover after a stint—typically to manage physical and mental reset. The speaker clarifies this isn’t the cool-down room, but a similar “little room” used for changing and getting out of the way.
Toro Rosso
"had said that such was the difference between Pierre's steering wheel at Toro Rosso, I think at the time, to moving to Alpine."
Toro Rosso was the Formula 1 team name used by Red Bull’s junior team for many years. The speaker contrasts Pierre’s steering wheel setup at Toro Rosso with his move to Alpine, highlighting how driver equipment can change between teams.
lock up
"And sometimes if they get that wrong, [1005.8s] they lock up and go wide. [1007.2s] And on a track like Bahrain, [1009.0s] it's not a problem where there's lots of tarmac runoff."
“Lock up” means the wheels stop rotating while braking, usually because the brakes are applied harder than the tires can grip. In F1, that can cause the car to slide wide and lose steering control into the corner.
Bahrain
"And sometimes if they get that wrong, [1005.8s] they lock up and go wide. [1007.2s] And on a track like Bahrain, [1009.0s] it's not a problem where there's lots of tarmac runoff."
Bahrain is where the Bahrain Grand Prix is held. The track has more paved space around the edges, so if a driver makes a mistake, there’s more room to slow down and get back under control.
Bahrain refers to the Bahrain Grand Prix circuit, where F1 cars run on a relatively wide, paved layout with more usable runoff than some street-style tracks. That matters because drivers can recover from mistakes without immediately hitting barriers.
Monaco
"But in Monaco, those... [1022.3s] I think I only actually fully appreciated this [1024.0s] talking to Oscar Piastri after free practice last year. [1026.8s] So Oscar struggled in Monaco last year."
Monaco is a very tight F1 track built on city streets. Because there’s very little space to run off the track, drivers have to be extra careful—one mistake can be hard to recover from.
Monaco is famous in F1 for its tight, slow street circuit with very limited runoff, so small mistakes can quickly become big crashes. That’s why drivers have to be extremely precise with braking points and corner entry speed.
Oscar Piastri
"[1022.3s] I think I only actually fully appreciated this [1024.0s] talking to Oscar Piastri after free practice last year. [1026.8s] So Oscar struggled in Monaco last year. [1029.0s] And I interviewed Oscar straight after free practice too."
Oscar Piastri is a Formula 1 driver. In this segment, they mention he had trouble in Monaco, which highlights how difficult that track can be.
Oscar Piastri is an F1 driver whose Monaco struggles are being referenced here as an example of how unforgiving the circuit can be. The host links his free-practice performance to the broader point about precision and recovery space.
confidence in it
"And he was saying he was just struggling to get the feel of the car, [1034.7s] to get the confidence in it, [1036.7s] but also trying to get quicker and quicker"
“Confidence” means the driver feels sure the car will do what they expect. If they don’t trust the grip or handling, they’ll drive more cautiously and won’t be as fast.
In racing, “confidence” is how sure a driver feels about the car’s grip and behavior at the limit. At Monaco, where traction and steering feel can change quickly, building that confidence is often what separates a fast lap from a mistake.
eke out performance
"That balance at Monaco is insane, isn't it? [1045.0s] Because if you're having one of those weekends [1046.9s] where your car is slightly tricky to dial in, [1051.1s] and yet you're trying to eke out performance"
“Eke out performance” means extracting the last small gains from the car and driver’s technique when everything is already close to the limit. In Monaco, that often comes down to tiny steering/braking adjustments because there’s little room for error.
compliance
"He was using the barriers, [1095.4s] and he knew where the compliance in some barriers would be [1098.8s] and where you couldn't."
In this context, “compliance” refers to how much a barrier (or other surface) can flex or absorb impact. Drivers use that knowledge to understand where the car can brush the wall safely versus where contact will upset the car or end the lap.
pole position
"how do they decide which side of the track pole position is on? Lovely question. ...traditionally, they would place it on the racing line."
Pole position means starting first on the grid in Formula 1. The driver who earns it starts at the front, and that spot is chosen to help them get the best grip and position right away. This episode explains how officials decide which side of the track that front spot should be on.
Pole position is the starting spot at the very front of the grid, awarded to the driver who qualifies fastest. In Formula 1, it’s typically placed on the side of the track that gives the best traction and positioning into the first corners. That’s why the discussion here focuses on which side is “grippier” and used most during the weekend.
grippier racing line
"it is traditionally on the grippier racing line that has been used and rubbed in across the course of the weekend."
“Grippier” just means the track has more traction. Tires can stick better there, so the car can turn and accelerate more confidently. The episode is saying pole is usually placed where the track is most grippy.
“Grippier” refers to higher tire traction, meaning the car can accelerate, brake, and turn with less wheel slip. In F1, track grip changes during the weekend as rubber is laid down, so the “best” line can shift. The host’s point is that pole placement is usually aligned with the line that has the most grip at that moment.
Suzuka
"Suzuka, is that one of them where it's on the other side? [1248.4s] Let's think where..."
Suzuka is a well-known Formula 1 race track in Japan. The hosts are using it as an example while talking about where pole position should be relative to the racing line.
Suzuka is the famous Japanese Formula 1 circuit known for its distinctive layout and technical corners. In this discussion, it’s being used as an example of a specific track section and how the racing line relates to pole position placement.
dirty side of the grid
"It was left on what he perceived [1293.8s] to be the dirty side of the grid, [1295.1s] leading to one of the most dramatic first corners"
In F1, the “dirty side of the grid” refers to the side of the starting grid that tends to have worse grip because rubber and airflow effects are less favorable there. At street circuits like Monaco, small grip differences can strongly affect traction and braking into the first corner.
first corner
"leading to one of the most dramatic first corners [1297.7s] in Formula One history, [1298.9s] where he was like,"
The “first corner” is the very first turn after the start. It’s where cars are closest together, so crashes and collisions are more likely.
“First corner” in F1 typically means Turn 1, where the field is compressed immediately after the start. Because everyone is accelerating and braking at once, it’s the highest-risk spot for contact—especially when grid position and grip aren’t ideal.
Christian Hugo
"and it won him the world championship, [1328.0s] and it was all Christian Hugo [1329.4s] over a dispute of which side of the grid"
Christian Hugo is the person mentioned as being involved in the disagreement about where the cars should start on the grid. That kind of dispute can affect who gets the better grip for the first corner.
Christian Hugo is referenced here as the person tied to the dispute about which side of the grid the driver should start from. In F1 history discussions, naming the individuals helps anchor who argued for (or against) a specific grid placement decision.
leaping off the line
"And that's so the driver on pole has the best chance [1389.2s] of leaping off the line, [1390.8s] making that short run to the first corner,"
“Leaping off the line” means the car gets a really good start and accelerates quickly right away. Starting from pole can help you do that and reach the first corner better.
“Leaping off the line” describes getting a strong launch right at the start—accelerating quickly as the race begins. The idea here is that pole’s side-of-track advantage at Monaco helps the pole sitter get off the line and reach the first corner with less compromise.
apex
"[1392.8s] getting to the apex first, [1394.1s] blocking their rival and keeping the lead. [1396.3s] It's not so much about corner speed at the start in Monaco."
The apex is the closest point to the inside of a corner on the racing line. Racing drivers aim to hit it because it helps them set up a better exit. In Monaco, being first to that inside line can make it hard for others to pass.
The apex is the point on a racing line where the car is closest to the inside of a corner. Hitting the apex helps maximize how quickly you can exit the turn and manage tyre wear. In Monaco, getting to the apex first can be especially important because overtaking is difficult.
graining
"[1419.5s] I've heard the F1 TV gang mention [1421.0s] graining in reference to the tyres. [1423.2s] What is graining? [1424.2s] Alex, this is always good to remind ourselves. [1426.3s] Yeah, so graining is the tearing of the tyre tread"
Graining is when an F1 tyre starts to wear in a rough way, breaking the tread into tiny bits. That makes the tyre not grip as well as it should. It can also change over time as the tyre surface keeps getting worn.
In Formula 1, graining is when the tyre tread breaks up into small rubber particles, leaving a rough, shredded surface. That change in the tyre’s contact patch reduces grip and can make the car feel less stable. Depending on the tyre and conditions, it may also evolve as the surface wears in or cleans up.
understeer
"[1446.4s] And as a result, that massively affects your grip. [1449.7s] The tyres don't perform in the way that they're intended. [1452.1s] It tends to generate understeer, [1454.7s] but it can clean up because the surface becomes a"
Understeer is when you turn the steering wheel but the car doesn’t turn in as much as you want. It usually happens when the front tyres lose grip first. The car feels like it wants to go wide in the corner.
Understeer is when a car turns less than the driver expects—typically because the front tyres lose grip before the rear. In the context of tyre graining, the reduced grip can shift the balance toward understeer. Drivers often feel this as the car “won’t rotate” into the corner.
marbles
"And what we often then hear is the term marbles, because then what happens is those little balls of rubber that Alex mentions get discarded by the tyre, thrown off to the side of the track away from the racing line."
In F1, “marbles” are little rubber balls that build up on the track after tyres shed material. If a driver goes off the racing line, they can hit that slippery rubber and lose grip. That’s why drivers try to avoid running wide.
“Marbles” is the common F1 term for loose rubber balls that get thrown off the racing line by tyres. They can reduce grip for drivers who run wide because they’re no longer on the clean, sticky racing surface. On TV and from the grandstands, you can often see these bits scattered away from the racing line.
downforce
"Jonah asks, [1556.9s] does the angle of the wing create more downforce [1560.5s] that requires a more rigid or permanent attachment to the chassis?"
Downforce is the “suction” effect that presses the car down onto the track. More downforce usually helps the tires hold the road better in turns. F1 wings are designed to create that force.
Downforce is the aerodynamic force that pushes the car toward the ground. In F1, more downforce generally means the tires can maintain higher cornering grip. The rear wing’s angle and design strongly influence how much downforce the car produces.
gearbox
"But F1 commentators often say he's right on his gearbox, which makes me think it's at the rear of the car. Yeah, first of all, gearbox is at the back of the car. It's out the back."
The gearbox is the part that helps the car use the engine’s power efficiently by changing gears. In an F1 car, it’s typically located toward the back of the car.
In Formula 1, the gearbox is the transmission unit that changes gears so the engine can stay in its best power band. In many F1 layouts, the gearbox sits at the back of the car, connected to the rear axle/driveshafts.
rear wing
"But yeah, why does a rear wing breaking mean probably the end of a race, because it can't be replaced? Yeah, first of all, gearbox is at the back of the car... The rear wing is because the amount of load it is taking aerodynamically means exactly as you've guessed..."
The rear wing is the big wing on the back of an F1 car. Its job is to push the car down onto the track so the tires can grip, especially at high speed.
The rear wing is an aerodynamic device that generates downforce by redirecting airflow over the wing elements. In F1, it’s designed to take large aerodynamic loads, so it’s typically mounted very securely and is hard to “just replace” during a race.
aerodynamically
"The rear wing is because the amount of load it is taking aerodynamically means exactly as you've guessed, Jonah, that it has to be far firmer than just a couple of bolts..."
This is about how air moving around the car creates forces. In this case, the wing is working hard because of the airflow, so it has to be attached very securely.
“Aerodynamically” refers to forces and behavior created by airflow around the car. Here, it explains that the rear wing is taking significant aerodynamic load, which is why it must be mounted firmly.
regulations
"and it is so important and mandated by the regulations that it is firmly in place, because obviously if you lose the rear wing through a high speed corner, it's very dangerous for the driver."
F1 has rules that control how cars must be built and safety-related requirements. Here, the wing has to be mounted firmly because the rules require it.
In F1, regulations are the rulebook constraints that define what teams are allowed to do with car components. This segment specifically points out that the rear wing’s secure mounting is mandated by the regulations.
carbon fiber
"There might be a little bit of a rear wing piece of carbon fiber that has broken away, but actually its structural integrity is fine,"
Carbon fiber is a strong but very light material used a lot in race cars. Here, a small part of the rear wing can crack off, but the wing can still be safe enough to keep racing.
Carbon fiber is a lightweight, high-strength composite material commonly used in F1. In this context, a small carbon-fiber rear-wing piece can break away while the wing’s overall structural integrity remains acceptable.
structural integrity
"but actually its structural integrity is fine, so the drivers can carry on with the race."
Structural integrity means the part is still strong enough to do its job safely. So even if a small piece breaks off, the wing might still be okay to keep racing.
Structural integrity means the component’s ability to remain strong and safe under load, even if it has minor damage. In F1, a wing can have a broken-off piece but still be considered structurally sound enough to continue.
black flag with an orange disc
"[1731.8s] Yeah, the black flag with an orange disc, [1733.9s] if that's shown to you, [1735.1s] that means your car is dangerously damaged, [1737.6s] you need to come into the pits for further assessment,"
That flag means the race officials think your car is in a dangerous condition. You’re expected to bring it into the pits so the team can check what’s wrong.
In Formula 1, a black flag with an orange disc is a warning that your car has a serious issue and is considered dangerously damaged. It tells the driver to come into the pits so the team can inspect the car and determine what to do next.
power unit
"Some parts off limits, a part that's off limits and you have to wait for permission to change, [1823.0s] would be the power unit, for example."
In F1, the power unit is the car’s main engine system. It’s not just the engine—it also includes the hybrid parts that store and reuse energy, and F1 rules limit how much teams can change it.
In Formula 1, the power unit is the complete engine-and-energy system that provides propulsion. It includes the internal-combustion engine plus the hybrid energy components and related controls, and it’s tightly regulated compared with many other car parts.
FIA
"You can upgrade that with permission of the FIA, but they have a very, very complex formula of who's allowed to upgrade their engines"
The FIA (Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile) is the governing body that writes and enforces F1 technical rules. In this context, it controls which engine upgrades are allowed and which teams must keep their power units unchanged.
front wing
"But in terms of the bits on the car, we'll always talk about the front wing and the rear wing and the barge boards"
The front wing is the wing at the front of the F1 car. Its job is to push the car down onto the track so the tires can grip better in corners.
The front wing is an aerodynamic device mounted at the front of an F1 car that generates downforce and helps manage airflow. By increasing grip through downforce, it improves cornering performance, and teams can update it within the rules.
barge boards
"and the rear wing and the barge boards and the turning vanes of the floor. All of that can be updated throughout."
Barge boards are small aerodynamic parts on the sides of an F1 car. They guide air around the car so the floor and rear can work better, improving grip.
Barge boards are aerodynamic panels mounted along the sides of an F1 car, typically near the front wheels. They help shape airflow toward the floor and rear of the car, improving efficiency and downforce without adding drag as much as a larger wing might.
turning vanes of the floor
"and the barge boards and the turning vanes of the floor. All of that can be updated throughout."
These are aerodynamic shapes under the car that help steer air in the right direction. Because the floor helps “suck” the car to the track, changing these vanes can improve cornering grip.
The turning vanes of the floor are aerodynamic elements under the car that redirect airflow to improve the efficiency of the floor’s downforce. In modern F1, the floor is a major source of grip, so small changes to these vanes can have a big effect on performance.
cost cap era
"All of that can be updated throughout. You've got to do it in a cost cap era, though. So it's gone on the days where you can just try any part,"
The cost cap era means F1 teams have a budget limit for development and upgrades. So they can’t just try everything—they have to spend money on changes that will actually make the car faster.
The cost cap era refers to Formula 1’s spending limits on team operations and development. It forces teams to prioritize upgrades that are likely to deliver measurable performance gains, rather than experimenting freely with expensive parts.
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